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Addressing rural youth migration at its root causes: A Conceptual Framework












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    Book (stand-alone)
    Preparing and accessing decent work amongst rural youth in Cambodia 2019
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    The case study explores which skills and training opportunities young people need in order to gain access to decent employment in rural areas. The research was undertaken in order to develop recommendations to support the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and FAO Cambodia in developing appropriate recommendations to support rural young people, especially those of the 15 to 17 age cohort. The study highlights the limited decent employment opportunities that currently exist along various agricultural value chains in rural Cambodia. Poverty and the structural problems of the agricultural sector are the main barriers for youth in accessing decent rural employment. A substantial enhancement of the education system, as well as the provision of appropriate training services to ensure successful schoolto-work transition is seen as necessary to tackle these challenges. A well-balanced policy mix reflecting national and local circumstances can encourage employment opportunities and create an environment that enables rural youth. Building on previous research on agriculture in Cambodia, agricultural transformation requires promotion of agribusiness enterprises, support to community-managed organizations of farmers, promotion of agropreneurs, and investments in agricultural and rural development, particularly in infrastructure, energy, water, education and health. Moreover, most youth entering agriculture are self-employed and work as smallscale farmers. Therefore, the provision of skills and training in rural areas should focus on the skills required to be self-employed.
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    Project
    Reducing Rural Youth Migration in Kenya - GCP/KEN/087/ITA 2022
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    The key focus of the project was on strengthening the enabling environment to provide alternatives to youth migration, and on harnessing the potential of migration for local development by directly supporting key policy processes in the area of migration, social protection and value chain development. The project engaged rural youth and other value chain actors in productive activities along agrifood value chains and assisted youth entrepreneurs to scale up their businesses along selected value chains. The capacity of youth was increased through technical and business training, coaching and business mentoring, as well as by facilitating access to markets, credit, input provision and non financial support services. At institutional level, technical assistance was provided in the review and finalization of five government policies. At field level, the project organized 1 087 young into 58 groups along four value chains (herbs and spices, improved local chicken, indigenous vegetables and pig) with high potential for employment and income generation. Relevant training was provided, along with assets and inputs worth USD 210 794 to support agro enterprises at farm level. Youth were also engaged in business to business roundtables, as a result of which 325 youth (190 male and 135 female) benefited from improved linkages to other markets and off takers. In terms of improving access to finance, 40 youth groups from 29 wards across the six sub counties benefited from loans totalling KES 5.7 million disbursed by the Youth Enterprise Development Fund.
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    Booklet
    Promoting alternatives to migration for rural youth in Tunisia and Ethiopia
    Youth mobility, food security and rural poverty reduction (RYM) project
    2018
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    Each year, rural areas lose a promising share of their workforce, as youth leave their homes and migrate to cities or move abroad in search of a better future. The distress induced by poverty, food insecurity and a lack of employment opportunities push many youth around the world to search for jobs elsewhere. By addressing the links between distress migration and rural development, FAO is making a difference in Tunisia and Ethiopia. With funding from the Italian Development Cooperation, the Rural Youth Mobility Project (RYM) was launched in 2015 to provide unemployed youth in migration-prone areas the two countries with the necessary training and equipment to start their rural enterprises. The aim is to promote innovative pathways for youth employment and entrepreneurship in rural areas. This publication describes the impact of the Project on rural communities in Tunisia and Ethiopia, through the testimonies of the young beneficiaries.

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