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Protection sociale des artisans pêcheurs de la région méditerranéenne

Document d'orientation

Copyright licence

Year of publication 2020

Place of publication Rome, Italie ;

Pages 16 p.

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Policy brief

Category Technical book

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) La pêche à petite échelle est un segment clé dans la région de la Méditerranée et de la mer Noire. Par ailleurs, elle représente la majeure partie de la flotte de la région et plus de la moitié du total des travailleurs employés dans le secteur. Pêcheurs et travailleurs de la pêche sont exposés à différents risques et vulnérabilités, notamment les risques humains et naturels. De plus, la pêche reste l’une des professions les plus dangereuses avec un taux de mortalité très élevé. L’accès aux marchés, et aux services financiers, sociaux et institutionnels ainsi que les possibilités de moyens de subsistance diversifiés et alternatifs sont souvent médiocres. La dégradation des stocks de poissons et des écosystèmes aquatiques aggrave cette situation, ainsi que la pression du changement climatique et des chocs et dangers induits par le climat et la concurrence avec d’autres secteurs. Malgré le rôle clé que la protection sociale peut jouer dans la réduction de la pauvreté et de la vulnérabilité des pêcheurs, la protection sociale souvent n’atteint pas le secteur de la pêche artisanale. La disponibilité limitée de données précises, solides et opportunes sur le secteur, confrontée à un fort niveau d’informalité, d’irrégularité et le caractère saisonnier de la pêche artisanale, peut entraîner l’exclusion des petits pêcheurs des lois régissant l’emploi formel, ce qui entrave leur participation aux systèmes nationaux de protection sociale. Ce document d’orientation montre les résultats d’une étude promue par la FAO et la CGPM sur les systèmes de protection sociale dans cinq pays de la Méditerranée (Albanie, Égypte, Liban, Maroc et Tunisie). Elle identifie les conditions et les vulnérabilités des pêcheurs, ainsi que les bonnes pratiques en matière de fourniture de programmes et de politiques de protection sociale, et propose des recommandations pour améliorer la couverture et la prestation efficace des programmes de protection sociale pour les petits pêcheurs de la région.

Language French

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