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ArticleThe influence of over-mature, degraded Nothofagus forests with strong anthropic disturbance on the quality of an andisol and Its gradual recovery with silvopasture in southwestern South America
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The increasing demand for timber and non-timber products from native forests in Chile and the cattle grazing has augmented the rate of degradation of these ecosystems. This process results in the need to know which of the dynamic variables are involved in its regulation. Soil quality indicators like soil organic carbon (SOC), soil microbial respiration (SMR), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), potential net N mineralization (N-min), and nitrification (N-NO), soil aggregates, and light fraction (LF), were evaluated at two different depths of the soil in Nothofagus obliqua (deciduous) and mixed N. dombeyi - N. obliqua (evergreen-deciduous) forests, where a 30- ha silvopastoral trial was established, after this evaluation, in early 2016. The SOC, SMR, MBC, N-min and N-NO were significantly higher in the N. obliqua forest than the mixed forest, 8%, 17%, 17%, 40%, 20%, respectively (p<0.05). The dry weight in soil fractions did not present differences between forest types. C and N contents in the LF (labile, un-decomposed organic matter of plant origin) were higher in the deciduous forest, 9% and 20%, respectively (p<0.05). Our results suggest that soil quality was favored by the quality of organic matter in the site dominated by deciduous species, which translates into more favorable conditions for the activity of microorganisms, nitrogen dynamic, and C and N content in the light faction. The intrinsic characteristics of the plant residues associated with higher rates of decomposition, can stimulate the activity of the biota and especially the soil microorganisms, which would lead to higher values of the different indicators evaluated. This novel silvopastoral system will likely help restore the most degraded sites through improvement of the soil quality. This kind of information allows obtaining knowledge of the forest areas and their sustainability, mainly for the planning of long-term, durable silvopastoral practices. Keywords: Forest degradation, Nothofagus obliqua, N. dombeyi, silvopastoral systems, Temperate Forest, Volcanic soil ID:3484562 -
DocumentA literature survey on native herbaceous perennials for woodland-style gardens
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Due to climate change, growing cost of labor, and shifts in public attitude towards chemical control of pests and weed, difficulties in maintaining conventional forms of planted landscapes are rising in urban areas. Substituting conventional plantings with alternative vegetation types modeled after natural plant communities may aid resolving this issue. Among various alternative forms of plantings, those based on forest or woodland vegetation are expected to be most suitable in majority of the sites in Korea. However, there is insufficient information available on native forest plants that can be utilized for such plantings. In this study, we have compiled a checklist of native woodland perennials with potential ornamental value, for the purpose of providing basic information in regard to their utilization in urban woodland gardens. The checklist was compiled by the process of screening all herbaceous genera listed within a selection of literatures on the subject of woodland gardening or shade gardening, listing all native taxa belonging to the screened genera, then discarding all taxa unsuited for cultivation under forest or woodland environment. Each taxon was classified as either woodland plant or woodland edge plant based on the garden habitats described by Hansen and Stahl (1993). From the literature, it was determined that a minimum of 293 genera of herbaceous perennials were used for woodland gardens globally, of which 140 genera were native to South Korea. Among the taxa belonging to these genera, 485 taxa were determined to be capable of being used for woodland type plantings. Further research would be necessary for inclusion of taxa with high ornamental value omitted due to lack of information, and detailed evaluation of the ornamental/breeding value and growth requirements of the listed taxa. Keywords: Genetic resources, Research ID: 3621811 -
ArticleForest succession by space and time based on climate and landuse changes
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This research predicted the transition of forest structure by analyzing changes in the dominant vegetation and spatial distribution based on climate and land use changes. The research region involves the mountainous and city vicinity located in Okcheon-gun, Korea. Climate change detailing was carried out until 2100 by employing the SSP2-4.5 scenario and the MaxEnt model was used to predict the land cover change. The data stemming from the above were applied to the Landis-II model. The analysis of forest changes was performed based on the years 2050 and 2100 that showed the most dramatic prediction results of climate changes. Comparing to 2020, the mean minimum temperature fell down by 0.45°C in 2050 and increased by about 0.96°C in 2100. The mean maximum temperature increased by about 0.31°C in 2050 and about 1.96°C in 2100. In the prediction of land cover change, mountainous region exhibited a decreased tendency of agricultural lands in 2050 and 2100, and region city vicinity showed a decrease in residential lands, demonstrating very small land cover changes of the forest in both regions. As for the predicted vegetation change, both regions showed a decrease in the dominant area of Pinus densiflora, Pinus Koraiensis, and Pinus rigida, on the other hand, showing an increase in the dominant area of Quercus serrate, Quercus variabilis, and Quercus aliena. In conclusion, the future forest vegetation of two regions showed a decreased tendency in the alien species that could not reproduce under natural conditions, tree species that grow in cold climate regions, and the reforestaion species that were planted due to a necessity of human beings, whereas the area of Quercus species, which are mainly distributed to a relatively warm climate, increased. Therefore, in order to determine tree species for restoration where interfered nature and area that need logging, it should be decided based on the predicted vegetation change in a given area to maximize the forest function. Keywords: Forest transition; Climate change; Landuse change; LANDIS-II; Sustainable forest management ID: 3621835
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