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Book (stand-alone)GuidelineAssuring Food Safety and Quality. Guidelines for Strengthening National Food Control Systems
Food and Nutrition Paper 76
2003Effective national food control systems are essential to protect the health and safety of domestic consumers. They are also critical in enabling countries to assure the safety and quality of their foods entering international trade and to ensure that imported foods conform to national requirements. The new global environment for food trade places considerable obligations on both importing and exporting countries to strengthen their food control systems and to implement and enforce risk-based foo d control strategies. Consumers are taking unprecedented interest in the way food is produced, processed and marketed, and are increasingly calling for their Governments to accept greater responsibility for food safety and consumer protection. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have a strong interest in promoting national food control systems that are based upon scientific principles and guidelines, and which address all sect ors of the food chain. This is particularly important for developing countries as they seek to achieve improved food safety, quality and nutrition, but will require a high level of political and policy commitment. In many countries, effective food control is undermined by the existence of fragmented legislation, multiple jurisdictions, and weaknesses in surveillance, monitoring and enforcement. These guidelines seek to provide advice to national authorities on strategies to strengthen food contr ol systems to protect public health, prevent fraud and deception, avoid food adulteration and facilitate trade. They will enable authorities to choose the most suitable options for their food control systems in terms of legislation, infrastructure and enforcement mechanisms. The document delineates the overarching principles of food control systems, and provides examples of possible infrastructures and approaches for national systems. The target users of these Guidelines are national authorities concerned with ensuring food safety and quality in the interests of public health and consumer protection. The Guidelines will also be of assistance to a range of other stakeholders including consumer groups, industry and trade organizations, farmer groups and any other groups or associations that influence national policy in this area. -
Book (series)Technical studyExplanatory note on the Guidelines for Developing Harmonized Food Safety Legislation for the CCAFRICA Region (CXG 98-2022) 2025
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This explanatory note offers practical guidance on the drafting, interpretation and reform of legal instruments governing food, taking as reference the standards and related texts of the Codex Alimentarius Commission, and in particular the “Guidelines for Developing Harmonized Food Safety Legislation for the CCAFRICA Region” (CXG 98-2022) prepared by the FAO/WHO Coordinating Committee for Africa. It lays out considerations that should guide lawmakers and regulators when integrating the Codex Alimentarius principles into national legislation; it encourages a science- and risk-based approach, supports integrated food chain regulation, and fosters stakeholder consultation. By strengthening national food control systems and promoting legislative coherence, the explanatory note contributes to a safer food supply and improved public health outcomes. Developed as a resource to support the application of the “Guidelines for Developing Harmonized Food Safety Legislation for the CCAFRICA Region” (CXG 98-2022), the explanatory note reviews key legal concepts and definitions, including food safety, risk analysis, and the roles of food business operators and authorities. It provides practical considerations for the adoption of principles into effective legislation, such as transparency, traceability, and the precautionary principle, highlighting concrete ways forward for aligning national legal frameworks with international standards. The explanatory note also addresses the distinction between food law and food safety legislation, offering flexibility for Member Nations to tailor their normative instruments while maintaining compatibility with global trade requirements.In addition to legislative guidance, the explanatory note promotes inclusive stakeholder engagement – spanning consumers, academia, and industry – and recommends robust regulatory frameworks with mechanisms for regular review. It encourages Member Nations to adopt reflexive, evidence-based food regulation that evolves with scientific progress and national contexts. By fostering harmonization, equivalence, and alignment with international standards, the explanatory note supports institutional coordination, reduces trade barriers, and enhances legal certainty – ultimately contributing to stronger trade across the African region. -
Book (stand-alone)Normative documentCodex Alimentarius: Animal Food Production, First Edition 2007Codex guidelines and codes of practice concerning animal food production are published in this compact format to allow their wide use and understanding by governments, regulatory authorities, food industries and retailers, and consumers. This first edition includes texts adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission up to 2007.
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Book (stand-alone)GuidelineEnvironmental performance of animal feeds supply chains: Guidelines for assessment
Version 1
2016Also available in:
No results found.The methodology developed in these draft guidelines aims to introduce a harmonized international approach to the assessment of the environmental performance of animal feed supply chains in a manner that takes account of the specificity of the various production systems involved. It aims to increase understanding of animal feed supply chains and help improve their environmental performance. The guidelines are a product of the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) Partnership, a multi-stakeholder initiative whose goal is to improve the environmental sustainability of the livestock sector through better metrics and data. -
DocumentGuidelineGreenhouse gas emissions and fossil energy demand from poultry supply chains – Guidelines for quantification
Draft for public review
2014Also available in:
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.