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Haiti | Response overview - January 2020

Year of publication 2020

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 2p.

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Throughout 2019, Haiti was marked by major natural disasters that add to the effects of those experienced during the past ten years, the cholera epidemic, and the deteriorating socio-political and economic situation. Compounded by the country’s structural weaknesses, vulnerable populations face increased levels of food insecurity and continue to have limited access to basic social services. According to the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analysis (October 2019), if no actions are taken to restore the livelihoods of vulnerable populations, the food security situation is expected to further deteriorate particularly during next year’s lean season (March–June 2020), with 4.1 million people projected to be in IPC Phases 3-4.

Language English

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    In Haiti, sociopolitical unrest, economic decline, violence perpetrated by armed groups, low agricultural production, rising food and fuel prices, and frequent natural disasters have led to increased levels of food insecurity. The new estimates indicate that about 5 in 10 households are currently facing acute hunger and for the first time in the country, the municipality of Cité Soleil registered 5 percent of the population in Catastrophe (IPC Phase 5). Food security has also continued to deteriorate in rural areas, with several departments falling into Emergency (IPC Phase 4). This is mainly due to harvest losses following below-average rainfall as well as the 2021 earthquake that devastated parts of the Grand´Anse, Nippes and Sud. As a result, households face limited availability of and access to food, and are forced to adopt negative coping mechanisms to meet basic needs. The recent cholera outbreak is also likely to further increase the number of people food insecure. Due to the severity of the situation, urgent actions are required to support about half of the population. Providing the poorest and most food‑insecure households with livelihoods assistance is crucial to sustainably improve their food security and increase their self-reliance.
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    According to the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analysis, nearly half of the population in Haiti is in high acute food insecurity (March–June 2023) – an increase compared with 4.7 million people projected in the September 2022 analysis. With limited funding received in 2022, only 80 000 people have been reached with livelihoods support in rural areas, accounting for about 11.4 percent of people targeted. In 2023, FAO requires USD 61.7 million to support 700 000 people.
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    Haiti is one of the worst food crises in the world with 46 percent of the population projected to be in high acute food security, mainly due to reduced agricultural production caused by a long period of drought, storms and increased prices of basic foodstuffs, which are compounded by the effects of necessary preventive measures against the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Political unrest and a surge in violence due to clashes between rival gangs in Port-au-Prince have triggered significant population displacements, leading to a growing humanitarian crisis. A state of emergency has also been declared following the assassination of the President which created a power vacuum and further uncertainty in the country. In this context, the levels of acute food insecurity in the country may further increase. It is critical to provide agricultural support to the most vulnerable households, restore their productive assets and diversify their sources of food and income to strengthen livelihoods resilience.
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