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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetPotential Impacts on Sub-Saharan Africa of Reducing Food Loss and Waste in the European Union
A focus on food prices and price transmission effects
2015Also available in:
No results found.This paper uses scenario analyses to investigate how reductions in food loss and waste (FLW) in the European Union (EU) could influence prices in sub-Saharan Africa – as a source and destination of traded agricultural and food products. In addition to a baseline “business as usual” (BaU) scenario, four scenarios with 50-percent reductions are enacted using the Modular Applied GeNeral Equilibrium Tool (MAGNET). The analysis provides insights on potential impacts in terms of medium- to long-term g lobal and local price changes in sub- Saharan Africa and the mechanisms behind them – changes in production, consumption and trade patterns. It also provides insights into the potential welfare impacts. The research shows that loss or waste of safe and nutritious food for human consumption is being prevented and reduced in the EU concurrent to actions in other regions. The potential intra- and inter-regional impacts on food prices and welfare therefore need to be further researched and projected . The research also shows that high-level considerations of the socio-economic impacts of FLW need to be balanced with value chain analyses that include data on costs related to the prevention and reduction measures to be implemented for short-, mediumand long-term returns on investments along food supply chains, including at the end consumption level. -
ProjectImproving Rural Livelihoods and the Environment Through the Integral Utilization of Residues of Treated Waste Water and Organic Solid Waste for the Production of Renewable Energy and Compost in Mafraq Governorate of Jordan - TCP/JOR/3602 2020
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No results found.As the Syrian crisis continues to escalate, the influx of refugees in neighbouring countries places an growing burden on affected areas. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) determined that Jordan hosts around 620 000 registered refugees, while the Government has estimated that there is a total of 1.4 million refugees in the country. In Mafraq, the refugee population lives in distress, while the broader population is also affected by the refugee influx. In December 2019, there were 75 993 individuals and 17 655 families registered at the Zaatari refugee camp. Stakeholders in the Zaatari community continue to pursue the creation of job opportunities for residents, with a record 13 220 active work permits being reached in October 2019. Although job opportunities are traditionally dominated by the agriculture sector, the waste sector offers potential for the development of additional “green” jobs. In Jordan, the level of municipal solid waste has grown rapidly over the past two decades, while the influx of refugees has exponentially increased its rate of production. Much of the solid waste produced finds its way to landfills, most of which are classified as unsanitary dump sites. On top of the strain being placed on the waste management system, the influx of refugees has also driven an increased demand for energy. This TCP project was therefore designed to make use of waste in the Zaatari municipality in the creation of sustainable job opportunities that promote compost production for agricultural purposes and the generation of energy. -
ArticleUnderstanding the impact of thinning on holm oak water-use through simultaneous and continuous monitoring of twig water potential, transpiration and soil moisture
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Adaptive silviculture in semiarid climates must focus on enhancing eco-physiogical traits that provide functional advantages to water scarcity. Intraspecific plasticity in such traits is especially important to correctly address silvicultural prescriptions. Studying changes in avoidance (tightly closure of stomata when water potential drops, or atmospheric demand rises) or tolerance (weak stomatal control of transpiration) mechanisms to water stress after forest treatments could improve the understanding of their eco-physiological impact to cope with increasing aridity in forests. Water potential (Ψ), transpiration (T) and other ecohydrological variables are important in this sense and can be simultaneously assessed, although measuring Ψ in forests with traditional pressure chamber is cumbersome and not continuous in time. The aim of this work is to use continuous measures of Ψ, T and soil moisture (SM) to test the ecohydrological behavior of oaks 10 years after thinning. This study was carried out in a holm oak forest in southwestern Spain, where one plot was thinned 10 years ago, and another plot was a control (without treatment). Three trees in each plot were continuously (every hour) monitored for Ψ, T and soil moisture (SM) besides meteorological variables. The continuous measurement of Ψ was obtained by using psychrometers and validated with pressure chamber. Our results show that the average Ψ of the thinned trees, -0.487 ± 0.639 MPa, reflects a more favorable water status than that of the control plot, -0.604 ± 0.698 MPa, despite the lower tree-water use in the latter plot. Also, it was observed a more positive relationship between T and Ψ in the control than in thinning plot. On the other hand, the relationship between Ψ and SM was not affected by the treatment. In addition to this physiological benefit, it could be an advantage against climate change, since by favoring these flows, the trees' CO2 uptake will increase. Keywords: Adaptive and integrated management, Monitoring and data collection, Sustainable forest management, Knowledge management, Climate change. ID: 3623177
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