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Book (stand-alone)General interest bookÉtat des forêts méditerranéennes 2018 2020
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The Mediterranean region has more than 25 million hectares of Mediterranean forests and about 50 million hectares of other Mediterranean wooded lands. They make crucial contributions to rural development, poverty alleviation, food security, as well as, the agricultural, water, tourism, and energy sectors. Changes in climate, societies, and lifestyles to create appropriate financial incentives and tools. in the Mediterranean region could have serious negative consequences for forests, with the potential to lead to the loss or diminution of those contributions and to a wide range of economic, social and environmental problems. In the future, Mediterranean forests will support agriculture and human wellbeing. It is therefore crucial to improve policies, practices, and to promote sustainable management to provide social and economic benefits as well as to increase the resilience of ecosystems and societies. This new edition of the State of Mediterranean Forests aims to demonstrate the importance of Mediterranean forests to implementing solutions to tackle global issues such as climate change and population increase. Part 1: The Mediterranean landscape: importance and threats. Despite the important natural capital provided by Mediterranean forests, they are under threats from climate change and population increase and other subsidiary drivers of forest degradation. Part 2: Mediterranean forest-based solutions. Forests and landscape restoration, adaptation of forests and adaptation using forests, climate change mitigation, and conserving biodiversity are additional and complementary approaches to address the drivers of forest degradation to the benefit of populations and the environment. Part 3: Creating an enabling environment to scale up solutions. To scale up and replicate forest-based solutions, there is a need to change the way we see the role of forests in the economy, to put in place relevant policies, more widespread participatory approaches, to recognize the economic value of the goods and services provided by forests and, ultimately, to create appropriate financial incentives and tools. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookForêts méditerranéennes: production d’outils de décision et à la gestion en matière de vulnérabilité des écosystèmes forestiers méditerranéens aux effets du changement climatique et valorisation des efforts d’optimisation des biens et services 2017
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No results found.Le projet régional «Optimiser la production de biens et services par les écosystèmes boisés méditerranéens dans un contexte de changements globaux» (2012-2016) a comme objectif d’inciter les acteurs à gérer et/ou restaurer les espaces boisés méditerranéens avec une perspective de fourniture durable des biens et services environnementaux.
Les forêts méditerranéennes des pays bénéficiaires du projet (Algérie, Liban, Maroc, Tunisie et Turquie) couvrent une superficie totale de près de 19 millions d’hectares. Ces forêts ont été et seront soumises de manière croissante à des pressions anthropiques (surpâturage, collecte de bois de chauffe, incendies, conversions agricoles, etc.) et aux effets du changement climatique (augmentation des températures et de la fréquence des événements extrêmes, diminution des précipitations, attaques parasitaires, etc.). Ainsi, des phénomènes de déforestation et de dégradation forestière sont observés.
Ces problématiques sont d’autant plus m arquées que les populations sont généralement fortement dépendantes des écosystèmes forestiers et que les administrations forestières et les gestionnaires sont confrontés à des difficultés techniques et financières pour gérer durablement ces forêts.
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DocumentTechnical bookForêts méditerranéennes : un pas de plus vers une meilleure reconnaissance de leur valeur économique et sociale et vers une gouvernance participative et territoriale renforcée. 2016
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Ce rapport s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet « Optimiser la production de biens et services par les écosystèmes boisés méditerranéens dans un contexte de changements globaux » (2012-2016), financé par le Fonds Français pour l’Environnement Mondial et cofinancé par l’agence Allemande de coopération Internationale (GIZ), le Ministère Français de l’Agriculture, de l’Agroalimentaire et de la Forêt (MAAF) et l’Union Européenne, dans cinq pays d'Afrique du Nord (Algérie, Maroc, Tunisie) et du Proc he-Orient (Liban, Turquie). Ce rapport de synthèse permet de prendre rapidement connaissance des principaux résultats des composantes 2 (Estimation de la valeur économique et sociale des biens et services rendus par les écosystèmes forestiers méditerranéens) et composante 3 du projet (Améliorer la gouvernance des espaces boisés méditerranéens à travers la mise en œuvre de démarches participatives), des leçons apprises et des principales recommandations issues de l'expérience de ces études dans ces cinq pays méditerranéens.
En effet, rendre davantage visible la contribution des biens et des services produits par les espaces boisés méditerranéens, grâce à leur évaluation économique, pour les populations qui dépendent économiquement et socialement de ces espaces mais également pour la société dans son ensemble est fondamental. Cependant, cela ne saurait se faire sans impliquer activement les populations et les différents usagers dans la gestion de ces espaces à l’aide de processu s participatifs.
Dans un contexte de changements globaux rapides, travailler sur ces deux thématiques en les liants intimement est fondamental afin de procurer les outils indispensables pour une nécessaire évolution des politiques publiques, confrontées aujourd’hui plus qu’hier, à de nombreux défis.
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Book (stand-alone)General interest bookHarmonized World Soil Database version 2.0 2023
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No results found.The Harmonized World Soil Database version 2.0 (HWSD v2.0) is a unique global soil inventory providing information on the morphological, chemical and physical properties of soils at approximately 1 km resolution. Its main objective is to be useful for modelers and to serve as a basis for prospective studies on agroecological zoning, food security and the impacts of climate change. HWSD v2.0 also serves an educational function, illustrating the geographical distribution of soils as well as their properties globally. HWSD v2.0 is easily accessible and user-friendly. -
Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023
Urbanization, agrifood systems transformation and healthy diets across the rural–urban continuum
2023This report provides an update on global progress towards the targets of ending hunger (SDG Target 2.1) and all forms of malnutrition (SDG Target 2.2) and estimates on the number of people who are unable to afford a healthy diet. Since its 2017 edition, this report has repeatedly highlighted that the intensification and interaction of conflict, climate extremes and economic slowdowns and downturns, combined with highly unaffordable nutritious foods and growing inequality, are pushing us off track to meet the SDG 2 targets. However, other important megatrends must also be factored into the analysis to fully understand the challenges and opportunities for meeting the SDG 2 targets. One such megatrend, and the focus of this year’s report, is urbanization. New evidence shows that food purchases in some countries are no longer high only among urban households but also among rural households. Consumption of highly processed foods is also increasing in peri-urban and rural areas of some countries. These changes are affecting people’s food security and nutrition in ways that differ depending on where they live across the rural–urban continuum. This timely and relevant theme is aligned with the United Nations General Assembly-endorsed New Urban Agenda, and the report provides recommendations on the policies, investments and actions needed to address the challenges of agrifood systems transformation under urbanization and to enable opportunities for ensuring access to affordable healthy diets for everyone.