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Book (series)Technical studyEnterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Raw Beef and Beef Products: Approaches for the Provision of Scientific Advice. Microbiological Risk Assessment Series (MRA) 18 2011
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No results found.The specific objectives of the meeting were to: • Review the existing risk assessments on EHEC in terms of (a) their fulfilling their scope and providing the basis for scientifically-based risk-management actions; and (b) their potential application (in whole or on a modular basis) to the development of a risk assessment at the international level. • Consider the risk management actions, if any, taken to date that were based on risk assessment and identify the strengths and weakness of the risk assessments from a risk management perspective, in particular identifying when and why the risk assessments did not meet the needs of risk managers. • Identify the key issues currently faced by risk managers in terms of addressing the problems associated with EHEC in raw beef and beef products. Considering the output of the above objectives and the existing data on EHEC in raw beef and beef products, provide guidance to FAO and WHO on the specific areas to be addressed in any future work on this issue, and how to address them. -
DocumentOther documentThe Use of Microbiological Risk Assessment Outputs to Develop Practical Risk Management Strategies: Metrics to improve food safety
Report
2006In 2004 FAO and WHO agreed that more work was needed in this area and this was endorsed by the Codex Committee on Food Hygiene. FAO and WHO then initiated a programme of activities to address this, with the ultimate objective of providing guidance in the application of MRA to establish specific numerical targets or standards. These activities have included the establishment of a number of working groups to look at the issues and the results of microbiological risk assessment to develop food cont rol measures, with particular emphasis on the establishment of targets or metrics and their application. The outputs of these working groups and other relevant documentation were then considered and discussed by an expert meeting convened in Kiel, Germany on 3 – 7 April 2006. This report aims to summarise the recent international discussions and their outcomes and provide an overview as to the current status in terms of the application of MRA in food safety management. Although good progress has been made in recent years, many challenges remain. -
Book (series)NewsletterShiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and food: attribution, characterization, and monitoring
Meeting Report
2018Also available in:
No results found.Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections are a substantial health issue worldwide. Circa 2010, foodborne STEC caused > 1 million human illnesses, 128 deaths, and ~ 13,000 Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Targeting interventions appropriately relies on identifying those strains of greatest risk to human health and determining the types of foods that cause STEC infections. There are hundreds of STEC serotypes; however, based on the evidence gathered during the review, the Expert Group concluded that the serotype of the STEC strain should not be considered a virulence criterion. All STEC strains with the same serotype should not be assumed to carry the same virulence genes and to pose the same risk, as many STEC virulence genes are mobile and can be lost or transferred to other bacteria. this report proposes a set of criteria for categorizing the potential risk of severity of illness associated with a STEC in food is recommended based on evidence of virulence gene profiles and associations with clinical severity. The criteria could be applied by risk managers in a risk-based management approach to control STEC in food. While ruminants and, other land animals are considered the main reservoirs for STEC, various largescale outbreaks have been linked to other foods. Thus, the report also addresses source attribution of foodborne STEC infections globally in order to inform the development of international standards by the Codex Alimentarius on the control of STEC, and in particular identify the foods which should be the focus of those standards. Finally it provides a review of monitoring programmes and methodology for STEC which can serve as a reference for countries planning to develop such programmes.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.