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Book (stand-alone)Improved production systems as an alternative to shifting cultivation
FAO Soils Bulletin No. 53
1984Also available in:
No results found.Shifting cultivation, under its diverse forms of slash and burn system, is a traditional method of cultivating tropical upland soils, mostly for subsistence purposes. This traditional system of cultivation is in ecological balance with the environment and does not irreversibly degrade the soil resource, provided a sufficient length of fallow is allowed for soil restoration. However, increasing population pressures necessitate more intensive use of land. The consequence is extended cropping perio ds and shortened fallows. In the extreme, short fallow periods are no longer adequate to restore the soil?s productive capacity. The present set of papers is the result of an expert consultation on the subject. The object of the consultation was to provide guidelines for future activities and policy decisions in this subject area. The ultimate objective is to provide feasible alternatives for improving these practices or replacing them with systems of permanent cropping. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectAquaculture development and coordination programme. Fish feed technology. Lectures presented at the FAO/UNDP Training Course in Fish Feed Technology, Seattle, Washington, 9 October - 15 December 1978 1980
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No results found.The need for developing suitable feeds based on locally available inexpensive ingredients has been widely recognized. Since lack of trained personnel is the main constraint in the development of fish feed technology in developing countries, the FAO/UNDP Aquaculture Development and Coordination Programme (ADCP) organized a special training course in fish feed technology at the College of Fisheries, University of Washington, Seattle, with a view to forming a small corps of fish feed specialists wh o could then be the focal points for future feed development programmes in their respective countries. The first report of the training course was presented in the report ADCP /REP/79/8. This present volume represents the edited texts of lectures presented by different specialists. Some additional material has been included for more complete coverage of the subject. Together, these texts may be considered to constitute a manual on fish feed technology, even though they were not prepared for that purpose. Twenty-six papers are included, under the general headings: (1) Digestion, physiology and anatomy; (2) nutritional bioenergetics; (3) nutritional biochemistry; (4) feedstuffs; (5) feed formulation; (6) feed manufacturing technology; (7) practical diets; and (8) quality control. Appendices include conversion tables, electrical data, and details on pelletability of selective feedstuffs, pellet die specifications, and equipment requirements for an 8 ton an hour feed mill. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetIncluding gastronomy in the School Feeding Programme: The alternative to achieve the right to healthy, tasty and waste-free food
Guidance note for the pilot project in Barranquilla, Colombia
2021Also available in:
Each year, the department of Barranquilla, Colombia, invests around 40 billion Colombian pesos (USD 12.2 million) in the School Feeding Programme (PAE) to feed 113 818 children and adolescents. This research estimated that including gastronomic techniques in just one menu of the PAE Barranquilla could prevent 99.7 tonnes of food waste, which represents around USD 159 000 per year (1.5 percent of the total budget). This food waste is partly due to students leaving the food that they do not find tasty on their plate. These data are derived from a small-scale pilot intervention, with a before-and-after assessment design, carried out in an educational institution in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia, where the gastronomic quality of a school menu was improved through a reinforcement training provided by a professional chef to the PAE food handlers. In order to identify if there were differences before and after the intervention, a survey was applied to a sample of children aged 8 to 14 years, which resulted in an increase in acceptance (from 52 percent to 72 percent) and a decrease in food waste (87.6 grammes on average per child per day).
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