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Linkages and rural non-farm employment creation: Changing challenges and policies in Indonesia








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    Linkages between Farm and Non-Farm Sectors at the Household Level in Rural Ghana
    A consistent stochastic distance function approach
    2008
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    In the light of an expanding rural non-farm (RNF) sector in developing rural economies, this paper explores the effects of this expansion within the household. Using rural Ghana as a case study this paper explores if the RNF economy allows for economies of diversification within farms; how input demands, agricultural-specific and shared, are transformed by the expansion of this sector; and if this expansion has measurable effects in overall household production efficiency. We first explore the c haracteristic of the intra-household linkages (technological and welfare driven) between the agricultural and RNF sectors both assuming perfectly working input and output markets, and assuming market failures, in particular missing labor and credit markets. We then try to measure the identified linkages by estimating a household level input distance function. This function is estimated consistently without making log-transformations as has been previously done in the literature. Our empirical an alysis suggests that there are high levels of inefficiency in Ghanaian farms. Also, there are cost-complementarities between the RNF sector and the agricultural sector, particularly with food crops in which the poorest tend to specialize. The expansion of the RNF sector increases demand for most inputs including agricultural land. Finally, we show that smaller farms tend to be more efficient, and that RNF output is helping the farm household to become more efficient, but the latter result is not robust.
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    Rural non-farm livelihoods in transition economies: emerging issues and policies 2006
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    This article reviews key conceptual issues related to the development of the rural non-farm economy (RNFE) in a transition context and analyses available empirical evidence on the role of RNFE during recovery from the transition recession. Growth in the RNFE in the transition countries took place during the recession transition which shows that it may be distress driven, but the paper explores other factors which may be driving the RNFE. It looks at the RNFE in light of the factors driving incom e growth and inequality i.e. endowments and institution. It concludes that, although not uniform across transition countries, the RNFE should be seen as a component of a growth strategy rather than as a temporary “refuge” or survival one. The patterns of growth of the RNFE will closely follow those of general economic recovery as well as the developments in the agricultural sector itself.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Fostering productive investments to create decent farm and non-farm jobs for rural youth in migration-prone areas of Senegal 2018
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    This brief summarizes the objectives, key deliverables, outputs, results and expected impact of the project "Fostering productive investments to create decent farm and non-farm jobs for rural youth in migration-prone areas of Senegal” (FMM/HLO/115/MUL). The project aims to foster productive investments of migrants' remittances and diaspora funds and hence create decent farm and non-farm jobs, particularly for youth, in order to address the root causes of rural distress migration and harness the development potential of migrants for the rural economy.

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