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Book (stand-alone)Vulnerability of mountain peoples to food insecurity
Updated data and analysis of drivers
2020Also available in:
No results found.This study, the third of its type published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), adds further evidence that in mountain regions of developing countries, food insecurity, social isolation, environmental degradation, exposure to the risk of disasters and to the impacts of climate change, and limited access to basic services, especially in rural areas, are still prevalent and, under some circumstances, increasing. It also shows the technical challenges for producing more comprehensive and representative assessments based on scientific data, and providing a deeper understanding of the underlying factors of vulnerability of mountain people. Mountains cover 39 million km2, or 27 percent, of the world’s land surface. In 2017, the global mountain population reached nearly 1.1 billion, which is 15 percent of the world’s population, with an increase of 89 million people since 2012. The increase added almost entirely (86 million people) to the mountain population in developing countries, which reached one billion people in 2017. The population has increased in all the regions of the developing world. Only the areas at the highest mountain altitudes (above 3 500 m) continued to experience a depopulation trend in the last 17 years, while at all other elevations population increased. In all African subregions, in South America and in Central and Western Asia, the population density is higher in the mountains than in the lowlands. In developing countries, 648 million people (65 percent of the total mountain population) live in rural areas. Half of them – 346 million – were estimated to be vulnerable to food insecurity in 2017. In other words, one in two rural mountain dwellers in developing countries live in areas where the daily availability of calories and protein was estimated to be below the minimum threshold needed for a healthy life. In the five years from 2012 to 2017, the number of vulnerable people increased in the mountains of developing countries, approximately at the same pace as the total mountain population. Although the proportion of vulnerable people to the total mountain population did not change, the absolute number of vulnerable people increased globally by 40 million, representing an increment of 12.5 percent from 2012 to 2017. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetVulnerability of mountain peoples to food insecurity 2022
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No results found.Mountain people’s vulnerability to food insecurity in developing countries is increasing. A study by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification published in 2020 estimates that one in two rural mountain people living in developing countries is vulnerable to food insecurity. Government actions to combat land degradation, adapt to climate change, strenghten agriculural value chains and promote economic development are fundamental for reducing vulnerability to food insecurity in mountain regions. -
Book (stand-alone)Towards a GIS-based analysis of mountain environments and populations 2003This report presents the results of work in progress. It applies GIS techniques and newly available geo-referenced data to understand conditions underlying poverty and hunger in the world, with special reference to mountain environments and populations. Following the system developed by the United Nations Environment Programme – World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) in 2000 for classifying mountain areas, hilly as well as high mountain areas are covered by the analysis. New data about global population density from the LandScan 2000 map has made it possible to estimate population figures for each mountain area class, as well as for other parameters about agricultural land use, farming systems, environmental constraints and yields per person that contribute to the estimation of the number of vulnerable rural mountain people. The report notes that, although vulnerable people represent a far greater proportion of the total population in high mountain areas, their absolute numbe rs are far greater at lower elevations. In all, around 245 million rural mountain people in developing and transition countries are estimated to be vulnerable to food insecurity. Of these, 87 percent live below 2 500 m where population pressure and increasing demand for grazing land are creating serious sustainability problems for mountain environments and the livelihood systems of the inhabitants. This report concludes with a brief summary of five areas of opportunity for developing more sustai nable livelihood options for mountain people, namely, water, agriculture, conservation and tourism, forests and rangelands, and mountain industry and services.
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