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Social protection and rural transformation in Africa











Correa, J.S., Daidone, S., Davis, B. & Sitko, N.J. 2023. Social protection and rural transformation in Africa. Rome, FAO.



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    This report aims to provide an illustrative and insightful overview of FAO’s work in social protection across Africa. Produced by the FAO Regional Office for Africa, the publication showcases a range of innovative and impactful projects that have contributed to enhancing the livelihoods and resilience of vulnerable populations. It features examples from Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Eswatini, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Somalia, Uganda and Zambia. The report explores how FAO’s initiatives have effectively integrated social protection with agriculture and rural development, addressing challenges such as food insecurity, poverty and climate change. Aimed at policymakers and practitioners, the publication’s intent is to foster knowledge-sharing, stimulate dialogue and encourage the replication of successful models in other countries and contexts.
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    Despite sustained economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa, rural poverty, food insecurity, and malnutrition remain pervasive. These challenges are most acute in rural areas, where livelihoods, incomes, and food security are closely tied to agrifood systems. Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive and inclusive social protection systems embedded within integrated rural development and agrifood system transformation strategies. Such approaches are essential to promote the economic inclusion of poor and vulnerable rural populations, safeguard their food and nutrition security, and strengthen their resilience capacities to climate-related shocks.FAO and the Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM) convened a Regional Policy Dialogue on strengthening social protection systems for rural populations. The Dialogue reviewed the current state of social protection in Africa’s rural areas, identified emerging issues and trends, examined gaps in coverage and financing, and provided strategic actions and recommendations to support African countries in advancing the SDGs and the Africa Agenda 2063. This brief summarizes the key recommendations from the Regional Policy Dialogue for strengthening social protection systems in Africa for inclusive rural transformation.
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    Despite sustained economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa, rural poverty, food insecurity, and malnutrition remain pervasive. The region continues to record the world’s highest prevalence of undernourishment. Recent global shocks—including climate-related disasters, the COVID-19 pandemic, and ongoing conflicts—have further hindered progress toward achieving SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 2 (Zero Hunger). These challenges are most acute in rural areas, where livelihoods, incomes, and food security are closely tied to agrifood systems.Accelerating progress requires comprehensive and inclusive social protection systems embedded within integrated rural development and agrifood system transformation strategies. Such approaches are essential to promote the economic inclusion of poor and vulnerable rural populations, safeguard their food and nutrition security, and strengthen resilience and adaptation to climate-related shocks.FAO and the Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM) convened a Regional Policy Dialogue on strengthening social protection systems for rural populations. The Dialogue reviewed the current state of social protection in Africa’s rural areas, identified emerging issues and trends, examined gaps in coverage and financing, and proposed strategic actions to support African countries in advancing the SDGs and the Africa Agenda 2063. It also generated key insights to inform FAO’s development of a Regional Social Protection Framework for Africa.

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