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Book (series)FlagshipСостояние мировых земельных и водных ресурсов для производства продовольствия и ведения сельского хозяйства
Управление системами, находящимися под угрозой
2013Настоящая книга описывает состояние водных и земельных ресурсов, необходимых для производства продовольствия, и анализирует угрозы продовольственной безопасности и устойчивому развитию. Эти угрозы – не просто результат лишь относительного дефицита воды и земли. Существует целый ряд новых вызовов, таких как тенденция к увеличению численности населения, изменение режимов питания и климата, с учетом которых необходимо изменять существующие методы ведения сельского хозяйства. В этом контексте рассматривается потенциал земельных и водных систем в том, что касается их возможности противостоять новым угрозам. Варианты управления некоторыми «системами, находящимися под угрозой», для достижения устойчивых уровней производства рассматриваются совместно с сопутствующими рисками и балансом преимуществ и недостатков. В книге рассматриваются необходимые институциональные изменения и изменения в области политики, а также технические подходы, требующиеся в конкретных условиях. Ниже приведены основные результаты и рекомендации.
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookSustainable contribution of fisheries to food security 2000
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No results found.This document is part of a UN Development Programme project, 'Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in Asia and the Pacific', which was implemented by the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Besides a regional overview, separate studies examine the status and role of fisheries in food security in the three subregions of South and Southeast Asia, East Asia and Oceania. The oceans, seas, rivers and lakes around and in Asia-Pacific nations yielded half of the global capture fishery ha rvest in the year 1998. The region accounted for 88 percent of world aquaculture production in that year. Fish provides on average more than one-fifth of the animal protein in diets in Asia and the Pacific and a livelihood to tens of millions of households in the region. However, Asia-Pacific catch rates, fish size and even quality are declining due in large part to severe overexploitation, threatening the contribution of fish to national and regional food security. -
Book (series)Manual / guideComisión del Codex Alimentarius Manual de procedimiento
Vigésima edición
2011La finalidad del Manual de procedimento de la Comisión del Codex Alimentarius es ayudar a los Estados Miembros a que participe efectivamente en la labor del Programma Conjunto FAO/OMS sobre Normas Alimentarias. El manual es especialmente útil para las delegaciones de los países que asisten a las reuniones del Codex y para las organizaciones internacionales que asisten en calidad de observadores. En él figuran el reglamento, el procedimiento para la elaboración de normas del Codex y textos afines, las definiciones básicas y las directrices relativas al funcionamiento de los comités del Codex Alimentarius. Asimismo figura en el manual la lista de los miembros de la Comisión del Codex Alimentarius. -
Book (series)Technical studyGuidelines for the Routine Collection of Capture Fishery Data. Prepared at the FAO /DANIDA expert consultation Bangkok, Thailand, 18-30 May 1998 1999These guidelines aim to help those who design routine data collection programmes, focusing on the relationship between typical questions asked by policy-makers and managers, and the data required for providing reliable answers. Fisheries policy and management objectives, particularly under the precautionary approach, need to be based upon analyses of reliable data. Data are needed to make rational decisions, evaluate the fisheries performance in relation to management activities and fulfil regio nal requirements. These objectives are achieved using fishery performance indicators. Indicators are used to measure the state of the resource, the performance of fishing controls, economic efficiency, socio-economic performance and social continuity. The primary factor in choosing what data to collect is the link between the necessary operational, biological, economic and socio-cultural indicators and their associated variables. The way in which different data variables are collected needs to b e tailored to the structure of the fishery. The strategy will be strongly influenced by the budget and personnel available, and the degree to which fishers and others co-operate. The programme must identify which variables should be collected through complete enumeration and which can be sampled. Collection methods are influenced by the variable itself, the strategy, collection point and the skill of the enumerator. Once collected, fishery data must be stored securely, but made easily available for analysis, which is achieved through a computer-based data management system, following the basic data processing principles. The implementation of a data collection programme should follow a normal project cycle, developing a new legal and institutional framework as appropriate.