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ArticlePrediction of wildland-urban interface fires using a digital twin
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The feasibility of using a digital twin for the prediction of the wildland-urban interface fires was studied. The wildfire ignition and spread were investigated for a cultural site (Lecture Hall of Sosu Confucian Academy in Youngju, South Korea) using the Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS). The vegetation and building information were obtained using aerial LiDAR imaging. The ground and aerial photographs validated the captured fuel and building information in terms of their sizes and distributions. The validated fuel and building information were conveyed to a digital twin domain for computational fluid dynamics calculation. A parametric study was performed for various ignition locations, atmospheric conditions (wind speed, direction, humidity), and moisture contents. Based on the prediction results, fuel treatments were suggested to prevent the ignition of the buildings by wildfire. The study showed that using a digital twin could provide a reasonable prediction for the wildfire spread at the wildland-urban interface, and the prediction results could serve as guidelines for wildfire spread prevention activities. The use of a digital twin for wildfire spread prediction will be further investigated for more test sites and fuel conditions. Keywords: Climate change, Research ID: 3617379 -
ArticleA study on the estimation of threshold of crown fire transition with the slope conditions
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.As simultaneous and massive forest fires are rapidly increasing along with climate change such as winter abnormally high temperatures, the need for systematic research and development of management technology to reduce fire damage from large-scale forest fires is emerging. Because the main mechanism of large fire is crown fire and spot fire in the coniferous forests vulnerable to forest fires, the understanding of fire behavior must take precedence in order to fire damage reduction. However, fire behavior research has mostly been developed based on empirical knowledge due to limitations in the scale of experimental equipment, which makes research data somewhat less accurate to show the characteristics of fire behavior at actual sites. In this work, we tried to physically observe the characteristics of crown fire behavior accompanying large forest fires through indoor combustion experiments with minimal exposure to environmental variables. Using large wind tunnel equipment, crown fire transition phenomenon from the surface fire was simulated, and the slope conditions and crown base height(CBH) thresholds of crown fire transition under Korean pine forest conditions were presented through items such as spread rate, flame characteristics, mass loss rate, and ignition. According to the results of this study, the rate of fire spread increased as the slope angle increased, the rate of firespread of slope angle 30° was 14 times faster than slope angle 0°. Measured fire intensity ranged from 246.73 kW/m, ~ 2,602.96 kW/m, the fire intensity increased as the slope angle increases. The flame height and flame tilt decreased as the slope angle increased, the length of flame increased as the slope angle increased. The measured combustion rate decreased as the slope angle increased. The moisture content of canopy fuel measured higher as the crown base height increases under the same slope conditions, so the risk of forest fire ignition is determined to below. The results of this study can be used as basic data to fire behavior with the slope conditions. Keywords: crown fire transition, fire behavior, surface fire, crown base height, fuel moisture content ID: 3623685 -
ArticleClimate-smart fire planning and management
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Improved management and stewardship of our world’s forests are essential in supporting mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Fire management is an important part of this portfolio of nature-based climate solutions, in large part through increasing forest resilience to catastrophic fire and managing for forest carbon in a manner that accounts for fire risk dynamics. In the USA, government policy now emphasizes climate smart forestry practices that decrease wildfire risk fueled by climate change, and the science underpinning that policy continues to emphasize restoring frequent, low-intensity fire regimes where appropriate to reduce the potential for high-severity wildfires. Although significant social, political, and technical challenges exist, in recent years a new planning concept known as potential wildland fire operational delineations, or PODs, has resulted in changed approaches to fire planning and management that can increase the pace and scale of forest restoration and lead to better fire outcomes. Key innovations include: (1) imbuing wildfire response planning efforts with boundary spanning and anticipatory lenses; (2) stressing evolution and implementation of best practices; (3) co-producing knowledge and infusing analytics with expert knowledge; and (4) delineating fire management and analysis units in ways that are relevant to fire containment operations by linking features like roads, water bodies, and fuel type transitions. As of June 2021, PODs have been implemented on over forty landscapes encompassing National Forest System lands across the western USA, providing utility for planning, communication and outreach, forest prioritization, and incident response strategy development. In this presentation, we will describe how PODs are a natural platform for strategic forest and fire planning that aligns with recommended climate mitigation and adaptation strategies and will provide several real-world examples of PODs in action. Keywords: Climate change, Sustainable forest management, Landscape management, Innovation. ID: 3623957
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