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Evaluation of FAO’s Contribution to the Arab Republic of Egypt 2012-2017

Country programme evaluation series - Final Report

Year of publication 2018

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 60 p.

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Document

Category Evaluation report

Series title Country Programme Evaluation Series

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Egypt experienced instable political situation during the past years. As a result, its food security was heavily affected. FAO’s programme focused on sustainable agricultural development for food security and nutrition. Enhancing food security also requires addressing socio-economic aspects, particularly the role of women. With FAO support, the Law Governing Agricultural Cooperatives was reformed to revive its function, reducing the control of the government and collaborating with the private sector. This was critical for extending effective support to small farmers. Animal health and disease control was up-scaled to reduce the threat to the livelihoods. Wheat sector was reviewed, and the reforms will start with the local bread (Baladi) production. The 1.5 Million Feddan Programme, to which FAO provided policy advice, is shaping the agricultural development of the land. Throughout the country programme however, the role of women in food security was not sufficiently considered and the project design was not systematically gender-mainstreamed. In the future, FAO could focus more on policy advice and food-security reform initiatives.

Language English

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    Egypt experienced instable political situation during the past years. As a result, its food security was heavily affected. FAO’s programme focused on sustainable agricultural development for food security and nutrition. Enhancing food security also requires addressing socio-economic aspects, particularly the role of women. With FAO support, the Law Governing Agricultural Cooperatives was reformed to revive its function, reducing the control of the government and collaborating with the private sector. This was critical for extending effective support to small farmers. Animal health and disease control was up-scaled to reduce the threat to the livelihoods. Wheat sector was reviewed, and the reforms will start with the local bread (Baladi) production. The 1.5 Million Feddan Programme, to which FAO provided policy advice, is shaping the agricultural development of the land. Throughout the country programme however, the role of women in food security was not sufficiently considered and the project design was not systematically gender-mainstreamed. In the future, FAO could focus more on policy advice and food-security reform initiatives.
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    The Arab Republic of Egypt became a Member Country of FAO in 1945 and FAO opened a representation office in the country in 1978. During the past decades, the country has benefited from FAO’s technical assistance to agricultural development through identification, preparation and appraisal of investment projects, financed from both regular and field programmes funding and which covered food security, rural and agricultural development, policy advice, strategy planning and capacity development. FAO activities in Egypt have generally been demand-driven, attempting to respond to the continuously shifting national priorities.
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    Women have traditionally played a role in water conflict resolution in rural areas. The most transformative change the project has achieved is the institutionalization of this role through the Water User Associations (WUAs) so that women gain further acceptance within their communities. The evaluation found that FAO and IOM should further explore the catalytic effect of this project in sustaining local peace prospects, particularly with an enhanced role for women in conflict resolution, and should build a necessary link to the national peacebuilding efforts. This could be done through a cascading programming, i.e. two-three PBF projects to be designed and implemented sequentially so they can have a better chance to contribute to higher order outcomes. The successful resolution of water conflicts and the restoration of water infrastructure through the CfW component had a direct effect on increased crop production and income of farmers. The measures in place to promote the sustainability of the project and the continuation of improved agriculture once the project has come to an end rely on the increased capacity of WUAs to use their conflict resolution skills, maintain the sites and find further support. Youth were not explicitly targeted in conflict resolution activities but they represented the majority of the beneficiaries of cash for work (CfW) activities. FAO and IOM should have a targeted approach if they are to work on youth, peace and security. They should also do a thorough assessment of the socioeconomic impacts of CfW on the Yemen context before rolling about a programme-wide CfW or cash transfer activities in Yemen.
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