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DocumentGuidelineГлобальная оценка лесных ресурсов ОЛР–2020 Руководство и спецификации
РАБОЧИЙ ДОКУМЕНТ ПО ОЦЕНКЕ ЛЕСНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ 189
2018Ever since its foundation, FAO has regularly collected, analysed, interpreted and disseminated information on the status and trends of the world’s forests resources through the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA). The scope, the methodology and the periodicity of the assessments have evolved over time to respond to changing information needs, to increase the level of participation of the countries, as well as to streamline and harmonize definitions and reporting in collaboration with other organizations and international reporting processes. Since FRA 2000, assessments have been conducted every five years. The work of preparation for FRA 2020 initiated with an internal evaluation of the FRA 2015 reporting process, followed by a user survey. The results of the internal evaluation and the feedbacks of a number of national correspondents and other FRA users that participated to the FRA 2015 survey, have helped the FRA secretariat to shape the scope and the reporting content of FRA 2020. These were then further defined in consultation with other teams of the FAO Forestry Department, the FRA Advisory Group, the Collaborative Forest Resources Questionnaire (CFRQ1) and the FAO/UNECE Team of Specialists on Sustainable Forest Management. -
DocumentOther documentГлобальная оценка лесных ресурсов. Термины и определения ОЛР–2020
РАБОЧИЙ ДОКУМЕНТ ПО ОЦЕНКЕ ЛЕСНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ 188
2018FAO has been coordinating global forest resources assessments every five to ten years since 1946. The assessments have to a great extent contributed to the improvement of concepts, definitions and methods related to forest resources assessments. Strong efforts have been made to harmonize and streamline reporting with other international forest-related processes e.g. within the framework of the Collaborative Partnership on Forest (CPF), as well as with the partner organizations of the Collaborative Forest Resources Questionnaire (CFRQ) and the scientific community, all in order to harmonize and improve forest related definitions and reduce reporting burden on countries. The core definitions build on earlier global assessments to ensure comparability over time. Whenever new definitions are introduced or old definitions modified this is done taking into consideration recommendations from experts in various fora. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookГлобальная оценка лесных ресурсов 2020 года
Основной отчет
2021ФАО завершила свою первую оценку мировых лесных ресурсов в 1948 году. В то время ее основной задачей был сбор информации об имеющихся предложениях древесины для удовлетворения спроса на послевоенное восстановление. С тех пор Глобальная оценка лесных ресурсов (ОЛР) превратилась во всеобъемлющую оценку лесных ресурсов и их состояния, управления и использования, охватывающую все тематические элементы устойчивого управления лесами. В этой последней из этих оценок изучаются состояние и тенденции развития лесных ресурсов за период 1990–2020 годов с привлечением усилий сотен экспертов по всему миру. Подготовка ОЛР-2020 также предполагала сотрудничество многих партнерских организаций, что снизило нагрузку на страны по отчетности, повысило синергию между процессами отчетности и повысило согласованность данных. Результаты ОЛР-2020 доступны в нескольких форматах, включая этот отчет и онлайн-базу данных, содержащую исходные данные стран и территорий, а также кабинетные исследования и региональные и глобальные анализы, подготовленные ФАО. Я приглашаю вас использовать эти материалы для поддержки нашего общего пути к более устойчивому будущему с лесами.
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BookletCorporate general interestIntroduction to Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) 2023
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No results found.This guidance document introduces the seven principles of Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) according to the Codex Alimentarius General Principles of Food Hygiene (CXC 1-1969), and how to apply them using the 12 steps to enhance the control of significant hazards in a food business and ensure food safety. Hazard analysis and critical control point is an important part of food safety management. It is a globally recognized, systematic and science-based approach to food safety that addresses biological, chemical and physical hazards throughout the food chain from primary production to final consumption. The HACCP approach focuses on control measures for significant hazards rather than relying only on end-product inspection and testing. A food business should only implement HACCP once it has established solid prerequisite programmes of food safety management, as described in the sections on Good hygiene practices (GHP). Implementing HACCP may be challenging for some businesses. However, HACCP principles can be applied with flexibility in individual operations, and businesses may use external resources or adapt a generic HACCP plan to their specific circumstances. This publication is part of the FAO Good Hygiene Practices (GHP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) Toolbox for Food Safety series. The toolbox is a central repository of practical guidance and resource materials to strengthen food safety capacities, both public and private, in order to develop and implement food safety management programmes in accordance with the Codex Alimentarius General Principles of Food Hygiene guidelines (CXC 1-1969). Care was taken to consider the challenges faced by small food business operators and primary producers in low- and middle-income countries, and those with an institutional role, such as government officials, academia and capacity building organizations. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -