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The impact of veterinary drug residues on the gut microbiome and human health

A food safety perspective














FAO. 2023. The impact of veterinary drug residues on the gut microbiome and human health – A food safety perspective. Food Safety and Quality Series, No. 20. Rome.




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    With a food safety focus, a scientific literature review was conducted to characterize the current understanding about the effects of pesticide residues on the human gut microbiome and potential implications on human health and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The main aspects analysed are (1) effects of individual or combined pesticides on the composition, diversity and function of gut microbiome using in vivo or in vitro models; (2) health implications resulting from the pesticide-microbiome interactions and underlying mechanisms; (3) establishment of causality; and (4) influence of the gut microbiome on the metabolism and bioavailability of pesticides. The research was also scoped to identify current gaps, limitations and needs for the eventual consideration of microbiome-related data in chemical risk assessment. With this work, ESF contributes to the FAO global programme on the impact of food systems on NCDs and obesity, by understanding the potential health implications of gut microbiome-pesticide interactions. The outcomes will provide information which can be used to improve nutritional strategies and food safety policies.
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    With a food safety focus, a scientific literature review was conducted to characterize the current understanding about the effects of microplastics on the gut microbiome and potential health implications. The main aspects analysed are (1) the effects of microplastics on the composition, diversity and function of gut microbiome using in vito and in vivo models; (2) health implications resulting from the microplastic–microbiome interactions and underlying mechanisms; (3) the establishment of causality; and (4) influence of the gut microbiome on microplastic biodegradation. The research was also scoped to identify current gaps, limitations and needs for the eventual consideration of microbiome-related data in chemical risk assessment. With this work, ESF contributes to the FAO global programme on the impact of food systems on NCDs and obesity, by understanding the potential health implications of gut microbiome–microplastic interactions. The outcomes will provide information which can be used to improve food safety policies.
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    JECFA Toolbox for Veterinary Drug Residues Risk Assessment
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    2024
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    A broad array of data is necessary to successfully complete the risk assessment. But in the real world, data sets are only as robust as their weakest link. In this guidance document on data requirements, you will learn about: • the impact of data gaps, small sample sizes, excessive variance in results, and generally poor data quality on the subsequent risk assessment and MRL derivation;• the types of data that are critical for completing the hazard, residue and exposure portions of a veterinary drug residue risk assessment; and• the specific characteristics of a drug compound that make residue assessments simpler or more challenging. This publication is part of the FAO JECFA Toolbox for Veterinary Drug Residue Risk Assessment. The toolbox provides practical guidance on the principles, modalities and technical requirements of JECFA in assessing the risks of veterinary drug residues in food and in recommending MRLs.

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