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DocumentManual / guideTraining manual for Tsetse control personnel Vol. 5 : Insecticides for tsetse and trypanosomiasis control using attractive bait techniques 1993
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This volume is the fifth in the FAO series of Training Manuals for Tsetse Control Personnel, published in English anf French. This volumen if the fifth in the FAO series of Training Manuals for Tsetse Control Personnel, published in English anf French. This manual will bring the reader up to date on the development of insecticides and formulations for effective and economical use against tsetse. There is, however, continuous development in this field and readers are advised to consult the current scientific publications in order to keep abreast with progress. -
DocumentManual / guideTraining manual for Tsetse control personnel Vol. 1 : Tsetse biology, systematics and distribution, techniques 1982
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This Manual is intended to be of use mainly in the training of people concerned with the practical side of tsetse control.Tsetse flies are important because of their ability to spread diseases among man and among domestic animals. The tsetse flies feed only on blood, and in the act of piercing the skin and drawing blood, the flies pass on the blood parasite Trypanosoma to previously uninfected animals or men, causing the disease trypanosomiasis which can be fatal if untreated.Very large areas of Africa are without cattle because of the presence of the tsetse fly and their trypanosones. This means that the orderly economic development of these areas is prevented. A small farmer in a tsetse area cannot use draught oxen to bring more fields under cultivation, and he cannot improve his land with cattle dung. Cattle owners in land near to tsetse belts must always fear outbreaks of the disease, and try to maintain control by drug treatment of his cattle or by other means. Movement of cattle through tsetse belts to reach new grazing grounds or markets greatly increases the risks of infection and loss.Training of tsetse control personnel is therefore an essential part of any large programme to remove the threat of trypanosomiasis from Africa or to reduce it substantially. The aim of this Manual is to assist in the training of tsetse control personnel by setting out the basic facts of tsetse biology, structure, behaviour and ecology, and of the main methods available for tsetse fly control; undesirable side effects of control methods are also described, and a responsible approach to this manysided problem is encouraged.Trainees in the tsetse control field should understand that both the techniques and the ideas now in fashion may be replaced by improved ones as our understanding of rural development and tsetse control methods increases. This will mean that certain parts of this Manual will soon become outdated and in need of revision. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Technical studyProgramme for the control of African animal trypanosomiasis and related development 1992
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021. -
DocumentOther documentWorld tea production and trade
Current and future development
2015Also available in:
No results found.Tea (Camellia sinensis) is the manufactured drink most consumed in the world. Discovered about 2700BC, it is one of the oldest beverages in the world. Today it is available for consumption in six main varieties, based on the oxidization and fermentation technique applied. The tea crop has rather specific agro-climatic requirements that are only available in tropical and subtropical climates, while some varieties can tolerate marine climates of British mainland and Washington area of the Unites S tates. The tea plant needs a hot, moist climate. Its specific requirements are: temperatures ranging from 10-30oC (zone 8 climate or warmer), minimum annual precipitation of 1250 mm, preferably acidic soils, ideally 0.5-10 degree slopes and elevations up to 2000 meters. Tea production therefore is geographically limited to a few areas around the world and it is highly sensitive to changes in growing conditions. Importantly, its ideal growing conditions are at high risk and expected to significan tly change under climate change. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureCurrent global market situation and medium term outlook 2024
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No results found.World tea output increased in 2022, prompted by rising production in some of the major producing countries. Output of green tea and “other” tea offset declining black tea production caused by a crop shortfall in Sri Lanka (the third largest producer of black tea). Global tea consumption expanded by 2.0 percent in 2022 compared to 2021, underpinned by strong import demand. Over the last decade, world tea intake increased annually by 3.3 percent reflecting strong growth in producing countries that has more than offset declines in traditional importing markets. In 2022, tea shipments from Kenya, China and India increased, while deliveries from Sri Lanka (the second largest exporter of black tea) declined. After increasing by 14.5 percent in 2022, tea prices fell by 9.2 percent in 2023, as availabilities expanded while demand slowed, putting downward pressure on prices. In the medium-term, the black tea market is expected to expand but at a slower pace than the previous decade, while the green tea market is foreseen to grow at a faster rate, reflecting expansion in China’s domestic market. Diversification and value addition are key to boosting the performance of the sector, as consumer behaviour is evolving and growing towards specialty teas and high-quality tea products.