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DocumentManual / guideManuel de lutte contre la mouche tsé-tsé Volume 1 : Biologie, systématique et répartition des tsé-tsé 1982
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This Manual is intended to be of use mainly in the training of people concerned with the practical side of tsetse control.Tsetse flies are important because of their ability to spread diseases among man and among domestic animals. The tsetse flies feed only on blood, and in the act of piercing the skin and drawing blood, the flies pass on the blood parasite Trypanosoma to previously uninfected animals or men, causing the disease trypanosomiasis which can be fatal if untreated.Very large areas of Africa are without cattle because of the presence of the tsetse fly and their trypanosones. This means that the orderly economic development of these areas is prevented. A small farmer in a tsetse area cannot use draught oxen to bring more fields under cultivation, and he cannot improve his land with cattle dung. Cattle owners in land near to tsetse belts must always fear outbreaks of the disease, and try to maintain control by drug treatment of his cattle or by other means. Movement of cattle through tsetse belts to reach new grazing grounds or markets greatly increases the risks of infection and loss.Training of tsetse control personnel is therefore an essential part of any large programme to remove the threat of trypanosomiasis from Africa or to reduce it substantially. The aim of this Manual is to assist in the training of tsetse control personnel by setting out the basic facts of tsetse biology, structure, behaviour and ecology, and of the main methods available for tsetse fly control; undesirable side effects of control methods are also described, and a responsible approach to this manysided problem is encouraged.Trainees in the tsetse control field should understand that both the techniques and the ideas now in fashion may be replaced by improved ones as our understanding of rural development and tsetse control methods increases. This will mean that certain parts of this Manual will soon become outdated and in need of revision. -
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)General interest bookLa contaminación del suelo: una realidad oculta 2018Este documento presenta los mensajes clave y el estado actual de la contaminación del suelo, así como sus implicaciones para la seguridad alimentaria y la salud humana. Su objetivo es sentar las bases para un nuevo debate durante el próximo Simposio Mundial sobre la Contaminación del Suelo (GSOP18), que se celebrará en la sede de la FAO del 2 al 4 de mayo de 2018. La publicación ha sido revisada por el Grupo Técnico Intergubernamental sobre el Suelo (GTIS) y por autores colaboradores. Aborda las evidencias científicas sobre la contaminación del suelo y destaca la necesidad de evaluar el alcance de la contaminación del suelo a nivel mundial a fin de lograr la seguridad alimentaria y el desarrollo sostenible. Esto está relacionado con los objetivos estratégicos de la FAO, especialmente el SO1, el SO2, el SO4 y el SO5, debido al papel crucial que desempeñan los suelos para garantizar un ciclo eficaz de nutrientes que permita producir alimentos nutritivos e inocuos, reducir las concentraciones de CO2 y N2O en la atmósfera y, por lo tanto, mitigar el cambio climático, desarrollar prácticas sostenibles de gestión del suelo que aumenten la resiliencia de la agricultura a los fenómenos climáticos extremos mediante la reducción de los procesos de degradación del suelo.
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021.