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Policy briefSustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme Policy Brief - Build back better in a post COVID-19 world
Reducing future wildlife-borne spillover of disease to humans
2020Also available in:
We need to learn from the COVID-19 pandemic, to better understand the root causes of zoonotic diseases, in order to prevent future outbreaks and support a green recovery. Approximately 70 percent of emerging infectious diseases today, and almost all recent pandemics, originate from animals and particularly wildlife (e.g. Ebola virus, Lassa virus, and human immunodeficiency virus). Emerging evidence indicates that such outbreaks of animal-borne diseases are on the rise, mostly due to environmental degradation and the intensification of livestock production and trade in livestock and wildlife. Human-wildlife-livestock interactions are increasing as human populations expand, and urbanization and economic activities (such as wildlife trade, husbandry, agriculture, fishing, infrastructure development, mining and logging) encroach into wildlife habitats. This greater proximity enhances the probability of disease spillover from wildlife to humans, or wildlife to livestock to humans. This policy brief provides decision-makers with a set of actionable recommendations that can be implemented to prevent future epidemics caused by the spillover of diseases from wildlife and wild meat. The recommendations are based on an associated White Paper, which assessed: a) why spillover of disease from wildlife to humans occurs, and why these zoonotic disease outbreaks can spread and become epidemics and pandemics such as COVID-19; b) what they can do to prevent, detect and respond to future spillover events, with a special focus on priority interventions at the human–wildlife–livestock interfaces. It has been produced as part of the Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme, which is an Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States (OACPS) initiative funded by the European Union. *** The SWM Programme is being implemented by a dynamic consortium of four partners with expertise in wildlife conservation and food security: • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) • Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) • French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) • Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) For more information, please visit the SWM Programme website: www.swm-programme.info -
BookletWhite paper: Build back better in a post-COVID-19 world – Reducing future wildlife-borne spillover of disease to humans
Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme
2020Also available in:
This white paper aims to provide Northern and Southern Development partners and decision-makers with a better understanding of a) why spillover of disease from wildlife to humans occurs, and why these zoonotic disease outbreaks can spread and become epidemics and pandemics such as COVID-19, and b) what they can do to prevent, detect and respond to future spillover events, with a special focus on priority interventions at the human-wildlife-livestock interfaces. It has been produced as part of the Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme, which will deliver critical lessons on how to prevent, detect and respond to future spillover events with appropriate national and transboundary policies and practices in the context of the SWM partner sites. The SWM Programme is a major international initiative to improve the conservation and sustainable use of wildlife in the forest, savannah, and wetland ecosystems. Field projects are being implemented in 13 African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries. The aim is to: improve how wildlife hunting is regulated; increase the supply of sustainably produced meat products and farmed fish; strengthen the management capacities of indigenous and rural communities; and reduce demand for wild meat, particularly in towns and cities. It is being implemented by a dynamic consortium of four partners with expertise in wildlife conservation and food security: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). For more information, please visit the SWM Programme website: www.swm-programme.info. -
DocumentWhat do we mean by community-based sustainable wildlife management?
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Community-based sustainable wildlife management (CB-SWM) is a collective social process by which resident rights holders agree to hunt or fish in a defined geographic area, in ways that maintain animal populations at stable levels over many decades. Remote rural communities use wildlife for food and income, and as part of their culture. Today, human population growth, increasing interconnectedness with urban areas and regional markets, and reduction of natural habitats, now threaten sustainability of wild meat offtake. Concurrently, weakening of rural governance systems has undermined local communities’ abilities to sustainably manage their natural resources. In the absence of people, wildlife populations fluctuate naturally with changes in food supply, predation pressure and disease prevalence. Hunting offtakes reduce animal populations below carrying capacity, but wildlife can persist whilst being hunted, as long as populations are not reduced below the level at which a random event (such as a disease outbreak or a climatic event) can wipe it out completely. Hunting is only one driver of population declines. If populations are impacted by additional human activities (e.g. agriculture, resource extraction or urbanisation), previously sustainable hunting may become unsustainable.
Six key components are key to achieve robust CB-SWM. These focus on understanding the environments and the resources they contain, community rights, governance, management, and reducing rural dependency on unsustainable natural resource use. These components are the minimum prerequisites for SWM action: if one is missing, sustainable use is unlikely to be achieved. The six components : “Understanding the environment and its use”; “Devolution of exclusionary rights”; “Local-level management by a competent authority”; “Social cohesion to manage as a community”; “Effective governance systems”; and “Sustainable solutions for growth and increasing aspirations” are described here. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Biodiversity conservation, Adaptive and integrated management, Food systems, Value chain ID: 3487211
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