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ArticleAssessing the contribution and linkages of the forest sector to the national economy: Case studies on Finland, Malawi, and the United States of America
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Economic contribution of the forest sector is commonly downplayed by only considering its direct impacts while overlooking the ripple effects on other sectors of the economy. This lack of recognition often puts the forest sector in a less favorable position in developing national development strategy and impedes unlocking the sector’s full potential towards sustainable development. This study used three case studies (Finland, Malawi, and the United States of America) to illustrate how the forest sector contributed to national economies through direct, indirect, and induced effects. It identifies and quantifies how the forest sector is linked to other sectors of the economy via backward and forward linkages, and compares the structure of the sectoral linkages across the three studied countries. A structural path analysis approach based on social accounting matrices was used for the analysis. The forest sector was found having a promising potential to contribute to national economies through direct contribution and pathways via other sectors. The forest sector’s indirect and induced effects were found higher than its direct effects in terms of employment, valued added, and labour income. Wood-based processing subsectors in general had higher economic multipliers than the forestry and logging subsector. The real estate, wholesale trade, and food sectors were among the top backward-linked sectors of the forest sector and the construction sector was among the top forward-linked sectors for all three countries. There were great variations in how the forest sector interacts with other sectors among the studied countries. Stage of development, resource endowments, forest tenure, geo-economics, positions in international trade, and national forest policy all played some roles. The results can advance our understanding of the sectoral linkages of the forest sector in national economy and provide thoughts on how to weave the forest sector into national development strategies in a holistic way. Keywords: economic contribution analysis, sectoral linkage, social accounting matrix, structural path analysis, forest sector ID: 3485504 -
ArticleThe role of bamboo forest in balancing and sustaining the development of local livelihood and human well-being in rural areas of Vietnam
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The balanced maintenance between forest development, human health, and well-being is the key to sustainable forest landscape management. My research aims to find out the current status of that relationship in Muong Hinh community (North-Central Vietnam) with the focus on lung bamboo forest - the vital natural resource of local communities. Lung bamboo (Bambusa longissima sp.nov) is an endemic species of Vietnam and is considered a strategic species for development in rural areas. However, due to the over-exploitation and unplanned management, the lung bamboo forests have been remarkably degraded and are even at risk of being depleted. Muong Hinh, currently, has 712 ha of lung bamboo forests and the payment from lung bamboo harvesting is the most important income for the local dwellers. However, it does not meet the local needs due to the low price and low added value. Besides, after years of applying wrong harvesting techniques with high harvesting intensity, local people are losing their forest both in terms of the forest area and quality. There is also a lack of knowledge on sustainable bamboo forest management within the community. Based on the current situation, some recommendations are given on essential techniques for sustainably managing and using bamboo forests. Of which, the proper harvesting intensity and the rotation of exploiting areas are the most critical issues. If the local people are going to apply the suggestions, they probably earn about 440 US$/ha/year from their lung bamboo forest (three times higher than their current income), and it could be increased up to 1,200 US$/ha/year shortly. Moreover, there is also a need to have alternative incomes for stable livelihood development. Several options are developing post-harvesting activities or possessing facilities, setting up a lung bamboo value chain, and reasonable collecting of other potential forest products such as timber or NTFPs. Keywords: forestry, lung bamboo forest, forest landscape management, sustainable livelihood development. ID: 3478867 -
ArticleDeterminants of local people’s attitudes towards protected areas: A case study from Kateri Wildlife Sanctuary, Indonesia
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Conflicts over resource use in protected areas (PAs) are widespread and effective strategies are needed to sustain conservation aims of PAs. Attitudinal studies are commonly used to gain insights into effective interventions by investigating key determinants of people’s attitudes to PAs. Demographic factors such as education, wealth, gender, and livelihood strategy often serve as predictors of conservation attitudes. This study aimed to investigate socio-demographic factors associated with the attitudes of local people towards a PA in Indonesia. We conducted 395 household surveys in six villages adjacent to Kateri Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS). To quantify local people’s attitudes towards KWS, the survey questionnaire consisted of 15 attitudes statements, related to: 1) the PA’s relevance and cultural value; 2) the importance of environmental and provisioning services from the PA; 3) use of resources within the PA and restrictions of their use; and 4) change in the PA over time. Each response was scored on a five-point Likert scale. We generated a composite attitude score by summing the scores of the 15 questions to gain a measure of strength of positive attitude towards PAs, then employed a general linear model analysis to estimate the effect of demographic factors to this composite score. The findings indicated that in general, residents have positive attitudes towards the PA. Key predictors of the attitudes were education level, residency duration, and landholdings. Residents who had lived in the area longer, who held land outside the reserve, and did not hold land inside the reserve, had more positive attitudes towards the protected areas than those who did not share those attributes. Our results suggest that providing more opportunities for education and for building cultural affinity or a sense of place that includes the PA and addressing the lack of access to cropland outside the reserve could improve local people’s attitudes towards the PA. Keywords: conservation conflicts; protected areas; determinants conservation attitudes; Kateri Wildlife Sanctuary; protected areas governance. ID: 3484348
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