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ArticleJournal articleForest food ensures nutritional security of tribes of Kalahandi district, Odisha, India. A case study
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Nutritional security is new era of challenges for entire world. change in climatic condition lead to reduction of nutrition quality of food that reduced concentration of proteins and minerals due to elevated carbon dioxide level. In India changes in food habit can lead to micronutrient deficiency or otherwise called as hidden hunger which now seen in most of the urban dwellers. The Present study carried out in Kalahandi north forest division of Kalahandi district Odisha .it was found that forest food was collected by Banjara, Bhatra, Munda, Paroja, saora, gonds, kondh, sabra tribes of kalahandi. The major forest foods that are collected from forests are edible bamboo shoots (Dendrocalamus strictus,Bambusa bamboos) edible wild mushroom ,Honey,Green leafy vagetables (Oxalis corniculate, Chenopodium album), wild turmeric,Tubers (Dioscorea hamiltonii), Tamarindus indica. Kusum seed(Schleichera oleosa), Mahua seed (Madhuca indica). The food items specific to summer include leaves and fruits of mango, kendu, jackfruit, amla, bel and tamarind among others. The average daily intake of uncultivated forest food ranges between 12% to 24%. The edible leaves available in the forest have very high content of pro-vitamin A (Beta Carotene), anti-oxidants and soluble protein. some of the tubers and mushrooms also have high iron, zinc, vitamins and anti-oxidant content that are vital for nutritional security. Bamboo shoots are considered as one of the useful health foods because of rich contents of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fibres, minerals and very low fat. 17 amino acids eight of which are essential for human body. The Protein content in fresh Bamboo shoots, considered as nutraceutical can ranges between 1.49-4.04%. It is also found that bamboo shoots is most widely used food for tribal. Households consuming about 20% of their cooked food from the forest have no signs of malnutrition.Keywords: Nutritional security, bamboo, uncultivated, edible, tubers, NutraceuticalID: 3486683 -
ArticleJournal articleUtilization of Tribal Ethnobotanicals for control of mosquito and mosquito borne diseases and Covid herbal mask and sanitizer for the livelihood ofIrular tribes Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India 2022
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No results found.The Irular are a Dravidian ethnic group inhabiting the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and they are facing many problems with mosquitoes, which are transmitting Malaria, dengue and filariasis etc. The tribal (Irular) plants, Phyllanthus emblica and Artemisia pallens from Western Ghats, Tamilnadu, India have been used the preparation of mosquito control agents. An effective mosquito larvicide and bio-mosquito coil has been prepared by use of above herbals to establish a powerful knockdown effect against larvae and adult mosquitoes, when compared with marketed synthetic products. A Mosquito coil (0.6 cm thickness) was prepared manually and shade dried and it has been demonstrated to tribal people. In laboratory conditions, the herbal formulations were found to possess toxicity against young instars (I, II, III, and IV) dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. Field trials have been conducted at the breeding sites of mosquitoes at stagnant water bodies and insect pests at the Agricultural forest ecosystem at tribal settlement at Nilgiris and Maruthamalai Hills. Bioassays have also been conducted against non-target organisms such as copepods, Mesocyclops aspericornis, Guppy fish, Poecilia reticulata and earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae species. Herbal masks (covid-19) were prepared by infusion of herbal extract through Ayurvastra technique, and it has been demonstrated to the tribal community for their use for the mosquito repellent and as Covid facial masks. Less alcoholic and special herbal covid mask spray have also been made with herbals (neem, ginger, clove, turmeric, tulsi). The nanoformulations of herbal extract showed a potent antiplasmodial activities against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of Plasmodium falciparum and Anti Dengue with moderate cytotoxicity was detected on Vero cells post-treatment. Formulations were tested for antimicrobial activities and it can be used as eco-friendly bioinsecticides and alternate herbal medicine for tribals. Keywords: Human Health and Well-being, Innovation, Adaptive and Integrated Management, Social Protection, Zoonotic diseases ID: 3644418 -
ArticleJournal articleMissing the food from the woods: the case of Soliga tribes of Western Ghats, India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Forest dependent indigenous communities have traditionally fulfilled their dietary requirements from a range of locally available food resources. For Soliga tribes of Biligirirangana Hills (BR Hills) in India’s Western Ghats, gathering of wild berries, tubers and mushrooms, shifting cultivation of millets, legumes and vegetables within the forests and small game hunting have habitually supported food and subsistence needs. Over the years, the traditional food practices have transformed drastically, driven by conservation policies that resulted in the resettlement of Soligas to forest peripheries, a ban on traditional fire practices and consequent colonization of forests by invasive species, altering the forest composition and leading to decline of wild food resources. We trace the trajectory of changes in Soliga food systems using a combination of methodologies ranging from a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews to household surveys in three Soliga settlements in BR Hills. Our study reveals the diminishing importance of forests as source of food and income and shift from food crops to cash crops in farms in forest peripheries to avert crop raids by wildlife. Dependence on forest produce collection and farming was found to vary based on the allocation of tribal land rights and the location of the settlements with respect to the forest type and availability of markets. While existing literature and expert respondents recognize the changing forest dynamics and the immense ecological knowledge of Soligas that complements forest conservation efforts, the nexus between forests, farming and health and nutrition of the tribe was hardly appreciated. Improved access to public food distribution system and evolving cultural preferences has increased the dependence on external markets for food. We further discuss the repercussions of these transitions on nutritional security and food sovereignty of the community. Keywords: Food systems, Human health and well-being, Biodiversity conservation, Agriculture, Sustainable Forest management ID: 3483228
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BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookRussian Federation: Meat sector review
Country highlights prepared under the FAO/EBRD Cooperation
2014Also available in:
World food demand has seen massive changes, including a shift from staple foods to animal proteins and vegetable oils. In the short to medium term, this trend in global food demand will continue. There will be an increased demand for vegetable oils, meat, sugar, dairy products and livestock feed made from coarse grains and oilseed meals. There are numerous mid-term forecasts for the Russian Federation’s meat sector. Most of them agree on the following trends: (i) the consumption of poultry and p ork meat will increase; (ii) the consumption of beef will decrease or stabilize; and (iii) the Russian Federation will remain a net importer of meat on the world market. According to OECD and FAO projections, meat imports from the Russian Federation will decrease from 3 to 1.3 million tonnes, owing to an anticipated growth in domestic chicken meat and pork production. The country’s share in global meat imports is anticipated to decrease from 12 percent in 2006–2010, to 4 percent in 2021. While t he Russian Federation will continue to play an important role in the international meat market, it will fall from its position as the largest meat importing country in 2006–2010 to the fourth largest global meat importer by 2021, behind Japan, sub-Saharan African countries, and Saudi Arabia.