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ArticleManagement of Poplar defoliator (Clostera cupreata) through herbal approach 2022
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No results found.Poplar is a fast growing exotic tree species which has been extensively planted in India under various afforestation/reforestation programmes. Poplar Timber is the backbone of vibrant plywood, board, match, paper and sports goods industries. The cultivation of poplar has generated huge employment in the rural sector in India and has overall improved the rural economy. Poplar is highly prone to insect attack, approximately, 108 insect species are causing damage. Out of these, Poplar defoliator- Clostera cupreata (Lepidoptera: Notontidae) is one of the most damaging pest of poplar which defoliate poplar plantation and often appears in outbreaks even causes death of tree. Therefore, a concept was developed to protect the plant by the plant. Regarding this, a number of plant extracts were screened and tested against the larvicidal efficacy of C.cuperata. Out of four plants, leaves of Calotropis procera were tested for larvicidal activities against poplar defoliator. The 3rd instar larvae of C. cupreata were exposed to a wide range of concentrations (0.0625 to 2.00%). LC50 value of each sample and control was recorded simultaneously. After repeated experiments, a herbal formulation (Biopesticide) was developed and it showed almost 70% efficacies against Clostera cupreata (poplar defoliator). Field trials were also carried out in northern part of India at farmer’s field. Novel, environment friendly chemicals for control of plant diseases, crop-damaging pests are needed to replace pesticides that have been withdrawn from the market due to regulatory or economic reasons, ordue to development of pest resistance. Keywords: Poplar, Poplar defoliator, Clostera cupreata (Lepidoptera: Notontidae), environment friendly chemicals , larvicidal efficacy ID: ID 3485340 -
ArticleMissing the food from the woods: the case of Soliga tribes of Western Ghats, India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Forest dependent indigenous communities have traditionally fulfilled their dietary requirements from a range of locally available food resources. For Soliga tribes of Biligirirangana Hills (BR Hills) in India’s Western Ghats, gathering of wild berries, tubers and mushrooms, shifting cultivation of millets, legumes and vegetables within the forests and small game hunting have habitually supported food and subsistence needs. Over the years, the traditional food practices have transformed drastically, driven by conservation policies that resulted in the resettlement of Soligas to forest peripheries, a ban on traditional fire practices and consequent colonization of forests by invasive species, altering the forest composition and leading to decline of wild food resources. We trace the trajectory of changes in Soliga food systems using a combination of methodologies ranging from a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews to household surveys in three Soliga settlements in BR Hills. Our study reveals the diminishing importance of forests as source of food and income and shift from food crops to cash crops in farms in forest peripheries to avert crop raids by wildlife. Dependence on forest produce collection and farming was found to vary based on the allocation of tribal land rights and the location of the settlements with respect to the forest type and availability of markets. While existing literature and expert respondents recognize the changing forest dynamics and the immense ecological knowledge of Soligas that complements forest conservation efforts, the nexus between forests, farming and health and nutrition of the tribe was hardly appreciated. Improved access to public food distribution system and evolving cultural preferences has increased the dependence on external markets for food. We further discuss the repercussions of these transitions on nutritional security and food sovereignty of the community. Keywords: Food systems, Human health and well-being, Biodiversity conservation, Agriculture, Sustainable Forest management ID: 3483228 -
ProjectCredit For Fisherfolk : The Experience In Adirampattinam Tamil Nadu, India - BOBP/WP/38 1986
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No results found.One of the prime needs of small-scale fisherfolk is credit. Under a “coastal village development project” initiated by the BOBP in Adirampattinam, Tamil Nadu, India, in 1981, the credit needs of fisherfolk were determined and a scheme was formulated under which a nationalised bank would lend Rs. 1,000 each to 100 fishermen for the purchase of nets. Fish marketing loans were given to fisher-women by a voluntary organization, the Working Women’s Forum (WWF) and also by the Fisherwomen’s Extension Service of the Fisheries Department. The project and its activities have been described in an earlier paper (BOBP/WP/1 9 — “Coastal village development in four fishing communities of Adirampattinam, Tamil Nadu, India” by F. W. Blase). The present paper evaluates the impact of the loans for fisherfolk (both project loans for fishermen and those provided for fisherwomen by the WWF and the Fisheries Department.) The paper studies the usefulness of the loans and the rate of loan repayment. It at tempts to analyse the success of the strategy of “group formation” for loan distribution and for development. The Coastal Village Development Project and the loan evaluation study which is the subject of this report are activities of “Development of Small-Scale Fisheries in the Bay of Bengal,” a project of the BOBP. It started in 1979. It is funded by SIDA (Swedish International Development Authority) and executed by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). Its main goal s are to develop, demonstrate and promote appropriate technologies and methodologies to improve the conditions of small-scale fisherfolk in member countries — Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
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