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ArticleCreating biodiversity safeguards for nature-based solutions for climate change mitigation and adaptation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.There have been many trials and pilot experiments to mainstream biodiversity into the climate change regime through initiatives like REDD+ and Ecosystem based approaches. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are being viewed as yet another opportunity to synergize climate and biodiversity actions. However, NbS is being promoted more as a climate solution than a biodiversity solution, while the word “nature” makes it seem like it may be good also for biodiversity. Past experiences show that not all forest-based projects conserved biodiversity, while some turned out to be harmful due to their “mitigation-centric” approach. Carbon sequestration by ecosystems is just a part of the overall services it provides, which include a range of provisioning, supporting, regulating and cultural services. All these are not accounted for when we focus on mitigation. This has led to a fear among the conservation community whether these solutions actually focus on biodiversity or just climate. It is important that NbS considers the overall value of nature beyond its carbon sink capability. Therefore, the socio-ecological systems mechanism needs to be well studied, both through the biodiversity and climate lens, to keep proper safety nets for biodiversity and dependent communities. In this background, this paper discusses: (i) trade-offs associated with former forest-based mechanisms under the climate regime; (ii) path shown by different organizations and researchers for the implementation of NbS; and (iii) ways to introduce biodiversity safeguards for NbS, considering social-ecological interactions. NbS is seen as a broad-spectrum solution and must advocate biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. NbS is taking an important position in both CBD and UNFCCC negotiations and future COPs will be instrumental in deciding the guidelines for NbS. This paper will add to the ongoing debate using also the available literature on NbS since its inception. Keywords: Climate change, Biodiversity conservation, Deforestation and forest degradation, Landscape management, Sustainable forest management ID: 3486767 -
ArticleGenetic test collections of poplars in the south-eastern part of European Russia for biodiversity preservation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The relevance of research on biodiversity conservation corresponds to the trends of ideas of the last century, summarized in the Rio Convention (1992) and subsequent international acts. The greatest problem is the preservation of intraspecific diversity. According to the chromosomal inheritance theory of Sutton and Boveri, the number of possible phenotypes of two parents is expressed as 2n,and genotypes as 3n, where n is the haploid number of chromosomes in the parents. In particular, for poplars this is ≈ 500 thousand different descendants, and the number of genotypes can be ≈ 4.6 billion. Taking into account the decoding of genome data, these values can be increased many times. In forest tree breeding researchers try to identify the most useful organisms or their aggregates from the existing varieties. Since its Foundation in 1971 the All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology has been working to create an ex situ field collection fund of practically valuable clones, hybrids and varieties of poplars. The collections were created over the next 50 years, taking into account the recommendations of the field experience methodology. In different regions of the country the collections of hundreds clones and new hybrids in 5 locations; the variety testing sites in 15 locations; and root cutting plantations in 19 locations were created. Totally, 54.04 ha of poplar experimental objects were created in the South-Eastern part of the European territory of Russia. As a result of many years research, new varieties of poplars have been developed for plantation, protective and reclamation afforestation, as well as for landscaping in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of European Russia. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Genetic resources, Research, Poplar breeding, Poplar varieties. ID: 3488495 -
DocumentForests in peace and without borders, a way towards the resignification of forests and Colombian Society
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.colombia es un pais privilegiado ocupando el 2 o lugar de los paises con mayor biodiversidad del mundo, desafortunadamente por mas de 50 anos tuvimos que vivir el flagelo de la violencia, con fronteras internas por parte de los diferentes grupos armados, justamente en las zonas con mayor area de bosques, a conflicto que ya millas de victimas y cientos de areas deforestadas para el establecimiento de cultivos ilicitos de hoja de coca. / font> este primer proyecto que se inicio en 2006 en el guaviare, zona que vivio este conflicto, buscaba recuperar esas zonas boscosas que deforestadas (cerca de 20,000 hectareas) para contribuir a que estas comunidades (familias desplazuvadas de campana indigena), ingresos dignas, mediante alternativas agroforestales con productos forestales no maderables pfnm, includeras fruto amazonicas, se logiento e las empidas un integraides 3 pilares del desarrollo sostenible (economico, social y ambiental), dela visando esiollista para un region. con alianzas estrategicas con diferentes. para la generacion de ingresos y con alianzas privadas, se lleva a cabo la trasformacion de los productos dandoles un valor agregado. despues de casi 14 anos se realizan 6 proyectos modelos y alrededor de 144 familias productoras de pfnm y la consolidacion de una empresa de comercializacion de mercados justos denominada ecosaf. con la firma del proceso de paz (nobel de paz 2016), alrededor de 6.000 exguerrilleros estan reintegrando a la sociedad, estos modelos productivos son una alternativa para ellos, siendo el bosque generador de oportunidades de cambio y motor de desarrollo, apostandole a un camino verde hacia el crecimiento social y economico, la reduccion de desigualdades y la resiliencia de los bosques con las comunidades ellos. Keywords: Deforestación y degradación forestal, Gestión adaptativa e integrada, Gestión forestal sostenible, Desarrollo económico, Asociaciones ID: 3485891
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