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Strengthening Rural Livelihoods through Improved Breeding Structures in Azerbaijan - TCP AZE 3502

Year of publication 2018

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 2

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Document

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Cattle are the most important part of the livestock sector in Azerbaijan. Modern and well-managed processing facilities are therefore required in order to produce high-quality dairy products. Given the need for a regular supply of raw milk throughout the year and, which required farmers to improve the genetic quality of cows, the project aimed to improve breeding and service quality in the livestock sector through a better organized and high-quality system for delivering artificial insemination and animal production services to farms.

Language English

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    The agricultural sector in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan andTajikistan is responsible for 20–50 percent of the population'slivelihoods. While the global cultivation of genetically modified (GM)crops is increasing, the authorization for cultivation or import of thesecrops as food and feed stuffs is not harmonized between countriesand is becoming increasingly more complex despite the internationalagreements, such as the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB).Additionally, the necessary expertise and facilities for comprehensiveassessment and management of risks, related to genetically modifiedorganisms, was lacking in all four countries. This project developedcapacities in all four countries, implemented the internationalobligations and ensured decent livelihoods and food security in ruralareas through increased agricultural production.
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    Improved and sustainable livestock production is a national priority for agricultural development in Azerbaijan, and animal breeding and feeding are necessary components of this. In this context, cattle is the most important component of the livestock sector in the country. A large number of households keeps cows, but there are very few professional farmers. The average dairy cattle breeding household has fewer than five cows, which are sustained under extensive systems and produce an average of 1 528 litresper cow per year and 150 kg of meat per adult cattle. The level of low productivity is mainly caused by poor quality of feed, absence of concentrates, and a lack of correct animal reproductive practices. In addition, pastures are not properly managed, the forage is of poor quality, while good quality silage is not produced due to insufficient knowledge and technology. Against this background, the main objective of the project was to improve cattle productivity by establishing appropriate breeding management and strengthening services for artificial insemination (AI) and feeding systems.
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    Azerbaijan wishes to promote organic farming, as demand for organic products is growing every year on both the domestic and export markets. The natural soil and climatic conditions are favourable for organic farming in the country, while the existence of scientific and educational institutions in the agrarian sector and experienced farmers in the regions may provide a suitable environment for promoting organic agriculture in the country. Despite the country’s significant agricultural potential, agricultural productivity and its profitability vary widely across the regions. Although the country’s agricultural sector contributes around 6 percent to GDP, the lack of modernization means that productivity remains low, mainly due to low rainfall, scarcity of arable land, fragmented landholdings and serious degradation of natural resources in terms of soil erosion, salinity, loss of soil fertility and organic matter. There was therefore an urgent need to development organic agriculture in the country by harmonizing national legislation with the international organic production standards and procedures.
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