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DocumentOther documentHighlights on four livestock sub-sectors in Kazakhstan: The Poultry meat sub-sector 2010
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The Kazakh market for poultry meat is currently valued at about USD 490 million. Per capita poultry meat consumption has displayed a generally positive trend in recent years (until 2007), in line with trends in the United States of America, the Russian Federation and many Central Asian and developing countries. This trend has been driven primarily by population growth, increase in disposable incomes, and relatively low chicken meat prices compared with other major meat types (beef, mutton and po rk). -
DocumentOther documentHighlights on four livestock sub-sectors in Kazakhstan: Sub-sectoral cross- cutting features and issues 2010
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These “Highlights on four Livestock sub-sectors in Kazakhstan” have been prepared by the FAO Investment Centre Division in collaboration with the Analytical Centre of Economic Policy for the Agricultural Sector (ACEPAS); a company belonging to Kaz-agroinnovation of the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) of Kazakhstan. The work has been financed entirely by FAO. The purpose of these reports is to help potential investors acquire basic knowledge about the technical features of the meat, dairy and wool sub-sectors in Kazakhstan as well of their domestic and international market positions. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical studyFamily poultry farming in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Georgia
Preliminary investigation report
2025Also available in:
No results found.This report explores the impact of rural poultry production on the livelihoods of smallholders in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia. While contrasting perspectives between producers and ag/vet suppliers were documented, the research indicates that poultry production significantly contributes to the well-being of these communities in Europe and Central Asia. In Georgia, there is potential for substantial improvements in family poultry production and knowledge among producers and suppliers. Conversely, Bosnia and Herzegovina presents a more intricate challenge, requiring time to overcome direct and indirect hurdles to enhance the conditions of rural households.The report identifies a critical need for improved collaborations between government entities, suppliers, and producers, especially in disease surveillance for poultry. It underscores the absence of comprehensive data on the causes of poultry mortality, which affects producers of all scales. Addressing vaccine-preventable diseases through well-structured vaccination programmes could not only curb poultry loss but may also bolster confidence in human vaccines.Furthermore, the paper highlights the necessity of establishing robust cold chains, vaccination protocols, and responsible use of antimicrobials, which are vital for the long-term success of supplier enterprises and consumer trust. The study also suggests that enhancing community awareness about the nutritional benefits of chicken and eggs could significantly improve food security, particularly for vulnerable groups such as women and children.The involvement of women in poultry-related activities varied between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia, prompting the need for initiatives that cater to local needs and the ambitions of producers and suppliers. The report outlines specific recommendations for supporting smallholder poultry producers, with a focus on gender-inclusive practices, over the following 18 months and the subsequent three years, including the establishment of farmer groups and training in various aspects of poultry husbandry.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureStandard operating procedure for soil moisture content by gravimetric method 2023
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No results found.Soil moisture content is one of the fundamental properties used in making decisions related to soil management, such as land preparation, design of irrigation and drainage systems, construction, and risk management. Analytically, determination of air-dry moisture content (i.e. remaining moisture in soil, dried for laboratory analysis) is important, since it is used to express the results of other tests (e.g. carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.) on an oven-dry basis. Soil moisture content analyzed by the gravimetric method has low operational difficulty and can be used for multiple purposes. -
BookletCorporate general interestStandard operating procedure for soil pH determination 2021
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Soils are referred to as being acid, neutral, or alkaline, depending on their pH, with 7 being neutral, below 7 acidic and above 7 alkaline. The pH range normally found in soils varies from 3 to 9. As pH is measured in terms of hydrogen ion activity, pH is thus a measure of only the intensity of H+ activity and not the amount of acidity present. The desirable soil pH range for optimum plant growth varies among crops. Generally, a soil pH between 6.0-7.5 is acceptable for most plants, as most nutrients are available in this pH range. However, some plants have soil pH requirements above or below this range. An acidic pH may cause higher mobility of toxic elements potentially leaching into ground water or taken up and accumulated in plants. Additionally, inhibited plant growth may be observed in low pH soils due to aluminum toxicity. In higher pH soils, phosphorus and most micronutrients may become less available. As the pH value of many soils correlates with base saturation, it may also be used in the field for preliminary classification purposes.