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ArticleJournal articleForest food ensures nutritional security of tribes of Kalahandi district, Odisha, India. A case study
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Nutritional security is new era of challenges for entire world. change in climatic condition lead to reduction of nutrition quality of food that reduced concentration of proteins and minerals due to elevated carbon dioxide level. In India changes in food habit can lead to micronutrient deficiency or otherwise called as hidden hunger which now seen in most of the urban dwellers. The Present study carried out in Kalahandi north forest division of Kalahandi district Odisha .it was found that forest food was collected by Banjara, Bhatra, Munda, Paroja, saora, gonds, kondh, sabra tribes of kalahandi. The major forest foods that are collected from forests are edible bamboo shoots (Dendrocalamus strictus,Bambusa bamboos) edible wild mushroom ,Honey,Green leafy vagetables (Oxalis corniculate, Chenopodium album), wild turmeric,Tubers (Dioscorea hamiltonii), Tamarindus indica. Kusum seed(Schleichera oleosa), Mahua seed (Madhuca indica). The food items specific to summer include leaves and fruits of mango, kendu, jackfruit, amla, bel and tamarind among others. The average daily intake of uncultivated forest food ranges between 12% to 24%. The edible leaves available in the forest have very high content of pro-vitamin A (Beta Carotene), anti-oxidants and soluble protein. some of the tubers and mushrooms also have high iron, zinc, vitamins and anti-oxidant content that are vital for nutritional security. Bamboo shoots are considered as one of the useful health foods because of rich contents of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fibres, minerals and very low fat. 17 amino acids eight of which are essential for human body. The Protein content in fresh Bamboo shoots, considered as nutraceutical can ranges between 1.49-4.04%. It is also found that bamboo shoots is most widely used food for tribal. Households consuming about 20% of their cooked food from the forest have no signs of malnutrition.Keywords: Nutritional security, bamboo, uncultivated, edible, tubers, NutraceuticalID: 3486683 -
ArticleJournal articleUtilization of Tribal Ethnobotanicals for control of mosquito and mosquito borne diseases and Covid herbal mask and sanitizer for the livelihood ofIrular tribes Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India 2022
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No results found.The Irular are a Dravidian ethnic group inhabiting the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and they are facing many problems with mosquitoes, which are transmitting Malaria, dengue and filariasis etc. The tribal (Irular) plants, Phyllanthus emblica and Artemisia pallens from Western Ghats, Tamilnadu, India have been used the preparation of mosquito control agents. An effective mosquito larvicide and bio-mosquito coil has been prepared by use of above herbals to establish a powerful knockdown effect against larvae and adult mosquitoes, when compared with marketed synthetic products. A Mosquito coil (0.6 cm thickness) was prepared manually and shade dried and it has been demonstrated to tribal people. In laboratory conditions, the herbal formulations were found to possess toxicity against young instars (I, II, III, and IV) dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. Field trials have been conducted at the breeding sites of mosquitoes at stagnant water bodies and insect pests at the Agricultural forest ecosystem at tribal settlement at Nilgiris and Maruthamalai Hills. Bioassays have also been conducted against non-target organisms such as copepods, Mesocyclops aspericornis, Guppy fish, Poecilia reticulata and earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae species. Herbal masks (covid-19) were prepared by infusion of herbal extract through Ayurvastra technique, and it has been demonstrated to the tribal community for their use for the mosquito repellent and as Covid facial masks. Less alcoholic and special herbal covid mask spray have also been made with herbals (neem, ginger, clove, turmeric, tulsi). The nanoformulations of herbal extract showed a potent antiplasmodial activities against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of Plasmodium falciparum and Anti Dengue with moderate cytotoxicity was detected on Vero cells post-treatment. Formulations were tested for antimicrobial activities and it can be used as eco-friendly bioinsecticides and alternate herbal medicine for tribals. Keywords: Human Health and Well-being, Innovation, Adaptive and Integrated Management, Social Protection, Zoonotic diseases ID: 3644418 -
ArticleJournal articleNTFPs as a source of livelihood and climate change mitigation & adaptation: a case study from Jharkhand, India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.There is an inextricable link between forest resources and livelihood of rural people .The rural people including tribals – Oraon, Munda, Ho, Savar, Santhal, Birhor, Bhumij etc. living around forest area use these non-timber forest produce (NTFP) as their primary source of income, food, nutrition, and medicine. NTFPs may be used for subsistence or for sale, providing cash income and function as an economic buffer in times of hardships. The paper summarizes activities of livelihood based on NTFPs in Jharkhand .They get employment in activities related to NTFPs like plucking of Tendu leaves (Diospyros sps.), rearing of Silk- (Antheraea mylitta Drury) and cultivation of Lac- (Kerria lacca Kerr), making of fancy items from bamboo and cottage industry based on bamboo. Of these NTFPs, Lac and Silk occupy an important place in rural economy. Lac, which is a natural resin secreted by an insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr.), cultivated on host trees like Palas [Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub] and Kusum [Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken] .In Jharkhand mostly Tassar Silk is reared which is produced by a wild silkworm of Antheraea mylitta Drury which feeds primarily on host trees like Asan [Terminalia tomentosa (DC) Wt. &Arn].The paper depicts activities of crafts based on bamboo, embroidery on silk cloth and manufacture of decorative items of Lac and other facets of these NTFPs and their contribution in improving earnings of rural people. The paper also critically examines how NTFPs can be effective tool in climate change mitigation and adaptation especially in REDD+. Hence NTFPs are of importance for food security, livelihood option, poverty eradication and for their role in climate change mitigation and adaption. Government policy in India and Jharkhand related to Join Forest Management, enactment of Forest Right Act 2006, and implementing Forest Working plan Code 2014 by, has brought about radical changes in approach towards management of NTFPs. Keywords: Adaptation, Climate Change, Livelihood, NTFP ID: 3486213
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.