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Book (stand-alone)T 13 Assessment of the status of the development of standards for the terrestrial essential climate variables
GTOS 68 - Fire disturbance
2009Also available in:
No results found.Fire is an important ecosystem disturbance with varying return frequencies, resulting in land cover alteration and change, and atmospheric emissions on multiple time scales. Fire is also an important land management practice and is an important natural abiotic agent in fire dependent ecosystems. Fires not only affect above-ground biomass but also surface and below-ground organic matter such as peat. Information on fire activity is used for global change research, estimating atm ospheric emissions and developing periodic global and regional assessments. It is also used for fire and ecosystem management planning and operational purposes (fire use, preparedness and wildfire suppression) and development of informed policies. The Fire Disturbance Essential Climate Variable includes Burned Area as the primary variable and two supplementary variables: Active Fire and Fire Radiated Power (or Fire Radiative Power - FRP). Burned Area is defined as the area af fected by human-made or natural fire and is expressed in units of area such as hectare (ha) or square kilometre (km2). Active Fire is the location of burning at the time of the observation and is expressed in spatial coordinates or by an indicator of presence of absence of fire in a spatially explicit digital raster map, such as a satellite image. FRP is the rate of emitted radiative energy by the fire at the time of the observation and is expressed in units of power, such as W atts (W). -
Book (stand-alone)BIOMASS - Assessment of the status of the development of the standards for the terrestrial essential climate variables
Global Terrestrial Observing System GTOS 67
2009Also available in:
No results found.Vegetation biomass is a crucial ecological variable for understanding the evolution and potential future changes of the climate system. Vegetation biomass is a larger global store of carbon than the atmosphere, and changes in the amount of vegetation biomass already affect the global atmosphere by being a net source of carbon, and having the potential either to sequester carbon in the future or to become an even larger source. Depending on the quantity of biomass the vegetation cover can have a direct influence on local, regional and even global climate, particularly on air temperature and humidity. Therefore, a global assessment of biomass and its dynamics is an essential input to climate change forecasting models and mitigation and adaptation strategies. -
DocumentA cluster analysis of variables essential for climate change adaptation of smallholder dairy farmers of Nandi County, Kenya
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Smallholder dairy farmers occupy high potential areas of Kenya and are a source of manure, crops and milk. There is need to use other means of characterising smallholder dairy farmers as they mostly practice mixed farming. The objective of this paper is to use cluster analysis method to characterize the smallholder dairy farmers with added farmer and activity data variables. Clusters of 336 farmers in this study were derived using 28 key variables. This paper demonstrates how to conduct farmer assessments for climate change adaptation activities, climate smart technologies implementation using knowledge of key farmer variables and their distribution in the smallholder dairy farmers of Nandi County, Kenya. This paper demonstrates the importance of integrating agricultural information for smallholder dairy farmers to machine models to characterize the groups and observe the natural groupings. This allows for policy managers to know the key characteristics and how to use them in policy implementation especially in designing climate change adaptation programs factoring education and training of farmers as demonstrated in this paper that they are practicing many activities on their farms. Keywords: Climate change, Agriculture, Education, Adaptive and integrated management, Monitoring and data collection ID: 3469789
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