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ArticlePlanting design, survival and blue carbon stock of mangrove plantations in Banacon Island, Philippines
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Mangrove forests have the capacity to store and sequester vast amount of atmospheric carbon. Coastal reforestation in the tropics became more popular because of this ecosystem service and their value to protect human from the impacts of tsunami and storm surge. To illustrate mangrove’s blue carbon potential in view of planting design, carbon stock assessment of 20-year old Rhizophora stylosa plantations was done. Tree and sediment carbon stocks were determined using standard nested plot technique. These parameters were further examined in terms of the plant spacing used during the plantation establishment, namely: 0.5m x 0.5m; and 1.0m x 1.0m. Key findings showed that plantations that were established with closer spacing i.e. 0.5m x 0.5m spacing have higher stand density values than those with 1.0m x 1.0m interval by about 23,900 trees ha-1. Survival rate was also significantly higher in the former than the latter with a mean difference of 23%. In view of total carbon stocks, 0.5m x 0.5m spaced stands contain 276.8±11.6 tC ha-1, of which sediment has contributed about 110.1 tC ha-1 (40%). On the other hand, stands of 1.0m x 1.0m spacing have only 157.6±40.1 tC ha-1, wherein 21.3 tC ha-1 (48.2%) is attributable to sediments. Overall findings suggested that planting at a closer spacing (0.5m distance) could produce larger sediment carbon stock. A significant mean difference of 88.80 tC ha-1 was computed in favor of 0.5m x 0.5m stand, which is indicative of two possible reasons: a) thicker vegetation provides larger source organic material through litterfall; b) more interlinked roots help stabilize sediment from erosion while effectively trapping more organic material from other sources during tidal movements. ID: 3477110 -
ArticleDevelopment of criteria and indicators for sustainable mangrove forest management: Experiences in three mangrove ecosystems in the Philippines
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The Philippines’ coastline measuring about 36,000 km is home to mangroves which play an important role in fisheries, forestry, and wildlife production. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Environment Program defines mangroves as forest that occurs on tidal flats bordering coastal areas and along the mouths of rivers where water is brackish. Through the years, the area of mangrove forests has dwindled due to deforestation and other anthropogenic activities. Thus, the need for their rehabilitation and sustainable management is a very important concern. Recognizing this, the Socio-economic Team of the ASEAN-Korea Environmental Cooperation Project from the Philippines conducted research on the development of a set of Criteria and Indicators (C & I) for sustainable mangrove forest resources management. The C & I for mangroves were adapted from the C & I for Sustainable Forest Resources Management of the Philippines’ Forest Management Bureau. The research involved an assessment of the C & I for their applicability and adaptability to mangrove forests. The C & I covered the following criteria: 1) Enabling conditions for sustainable mangrove forest management, 2) Extent and condition of mangrove forests, 3) Mangrove ecosystem health, 4) Forest production, 5) Biological diversity, 6) Coastal resources protection, and 7) Economic, social, and cultural aspects. These criteria covered 35 indicators. The proposed C & I were field validated through focus group discussion (FGD) with selected members of the people’s organizations in the local communities and key informant interview (KII) with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources personnel. The study was conducted in Padre Burgos, Quezon; Puerto Princesa City, Palawan; and Getafe, Bohol. The results revealed that the FGD and KII respondents perceived the applicability and importance of the C & I in maintaining the sustainability of the mangrove resources in these areas. Keywords: criteria and indicators, mangroves, forest management ID:3485981 -
ArticleConservation of green blue carbon ecosystem: Local perceptions and awareness on mangrove forest
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Management of blue carbon ecosystems including mangrove and seagrass beds is necessary to reduce the global carbon emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change, in addition to the managements of terrestrial forest ecosystem. The scheme of the REDD+, which is Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, plus the sustainable management of forests, and the conservation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks, has been used for the managements of different types of forests and related ecosystems. The concepts of REDD+ can be applied for the blue carbon ecosystems. In recent academic literatures, the discussion of the application of REDD+ is increasing, considering the characteristics of the management of blue carbon ecosystems. The management of blue carbon ecosystems need the various stakeholders’ collaboration, because they are in the border of different ecosystems including terrestrial and coastal ones, where different types of livelihoods and industries co-exist. To identify the status of discussions of REDD+ for blue carbon ecosystems, literature review on REDD+ and blue carbon ecosystem management was conducted by using quantitative text mining approaches. Regarding the local perceptions and awareness on mangrove forest, a case study in the Philippines was conducted. In concrete terms, household surveys to the locals in Eastern Samar were implemented to identify their perceptions and awareness. The analysis result can contribute to science-policy interface by providing the following information; resource utilization, level of awareness on ecosystem services and existing management plans, and perceptions on natural and anthropogenic threats. It reveals that social demography and level of awareness of the locals are factors which influence status of utilization of mangrove ecosystem services. Those result can be used as an evidence of policy making and facilitate the application of conservation schemes considering the local context of the study site. Keywords: blue carbon ecosystems; REDD+; perceptions; local stakeholders; conservation ID: 3486787
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