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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookRisk profile - Group B Streptococcus (GBS) – Streptococcus agalactiae sequence type (ST) 283 in freshwater fish 2021
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In Singapore during 2015, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) sequence type 283 (ST283) caused the only reported foodborne outbreak of invasive GBS disease. Over 20 percent of cases were healthy adults without comorbidities, which is unusual for GBS. The outbreak was linked to the consumption of raw freshwater fish. Subsequent investigations found that ST283 GBS has been common among GBS causing disease in humans and in tilapia across Southeast Asia for at least 20 years, whereas it was almost non-existent outside this region. Given the novelty of the outbreak, this risk profile consolidates the current knowledge to identify data gaps about GBS ST283 along the freshwater fish supply chain in Southeast Asia. Although GBS fish infection can present with few clinical signs of disease, outbreaks of GBS in high intensity tilapia aquaculture can result in severe infection with mortalities of up to 80 percent. These outbreaks are largely undocumented but likely have a wide effect on aquaculture, given its economic and social importance across Southeast Asia. There is also a lack of data on patterns of fish consumption, including frequency, amount, preparation and consumer demographics. Nevertheless, consumption of non-heat-treated freshwater fish is common in Southeast Asia. Given the multitude of data gaps, the risk posed by GBS ST283 from consumption of freshwater fish remains highly uncertain. Potential risk management options start with the application of good aquaculture practices and good food safety measures throughout the supply chain. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportIntensification of freshwater fish culture and training project, India - Establishing diagnostic work and research on (freshwater) fish diseases and fish health monitoring at FARTC (Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Training Centre) (CIFRI), Dhauli 1982
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No results found.The intensification and further development of freshwater aquaculture in India urgently requires knowledge, research facilities and research and expertise on fish diseases and fish health protection. This report describes the initiation of work in this area at the Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Training Centre of the Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, as part of the FAO/UNDP Project IND/75/031. Work accomplished in theoretical and practical training of young scientists on fish diseases and research methodologies, as well as assistance in establishing adequate conditions for research are described. During the practical training three fish diseases were diagnosed that had so far not been reported in India. In a pond experiment set up for training, the efficiency of antibiotic administration during handling in preventing post-handling losses due to columnaris disease was clearly demonstrated. Considering the present and future needs for research on fish diseases and h ealth protection and the probable role of FARTC in it, proposals on organization of work in this area were prepared. It is suggested that the research team work as the Unit for Ichthyopathology and Fish Health Protection. The Unit should cooperate closely with other research teams and scientists at FARTC. Fields of work in the Unit and proposals for five initial 3 year research programmes are outlined. The research projects are oriented towards development of methodologies for detection, identif ication and the inventory of diseases in composite fish culture. -
Book (stand-alone)GuidelineGuidelines for the seaworthiness and safety inspection of small fishing vessels 2025These guidelines for the seaworthiness and safety inspections of small fishing vessels have been developed to contribute to the prevention of accidents with small fishing vessels; reduce damage and loss in small-scale fisheries; and make commercial fishing a safer profession. The objectives of these guidelines are to facilitate the supply of insurance services for small fishing vessels worldwide, with an emphasis on small-scale fishers in developing countries; and provide practical guidance for conducting seaworthiness and safety inspections of decked fishing vessels of less than 12 metres in length and undecked fishing vessels.These guidelines complement the 2015 Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). The document provides practical guidance for conducting safety inspections of small fishing vessels, covering several hull materials, structural integrity checks, machinery, vessel stability and test procedures, safety equipment, reporting and documentation. It also helps fishing vessel owners to assess the safety and seaworthiness of their vessels themselves, thereby contributing to increased safety awareness and risk management within small-scale fisheries. The document discusses awareness raising and capacity-building actions to support implementation of these guidelines and provides tailored checklists for vessel inspections and for conducting practical stability tests.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020
Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets
2020Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions.The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition. -