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DocumentInternationa trade 1971
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No results found.Shrimp is a relatively recent (since World War II) commodity in the world trade of seafood products but has become one of the most important in terms of value, production growth and potential. Shrimp, or prawns as they are sometimes known, may be separated into two basic categories: the tropical or warm-water varieties and the temperate or cold-water species. The tropical shrimp are the principal species harvested and desired in the world market. Major commercial fisheries for tropical shrimp ar e found in shallow coastal areas near large estuaries and river delta systems. The most prevalent means of capture is the otter trawl. Little processing is necessary as a large share of the shrimp catch passes through world trade in a frozen raw headless condition. World landings of shrimp have increased nearly every year since the mid-1950. From 1960 to 1969, world production increased from 501,000 tons to 840,000 tons or over 65%. Tropical shrimp accounted for over 90% of the total catch in 19 69 and the United States was the leading producer. The world trade in shrimp flows almost entirely into two markets, the United States and Japan. Together, in 1969, they utilized about half of the world's total catch and each year their usage increases. The United States is the major market for shrimp and consumes nearly one-third of the world's annual production. The United States market depends heavily on imports which supply over half the total needs. Annual usage, since 1962, has increased a t a rate of 11,700 tons per year while the per capita consumption has increased a little over .04 kg per year. Japan, the other major consuming nation, utilizes nearly 20% of the world's total patch and depends on foreign sources for over half the annual requirements. Usage has gone up at a rate of 8.000 tons per year since 1960, while per capita consumption has increased by .07 kilograms per year. The price of shrimp depends upon several factors: the size (large shrimp bring higher prices), the season of the year, and demand, which is directly affected by available supply. The world demand for shrimp continues to rise and, therefore, is able to absorb the increasing catches made each year. Population growth, increasing per capita consumption, rising purchase power and greater consumer acceptance of shrimp products are pushing demand upward in the major shrimp markets. The demand for shrimp, for the next several years, will be greater than the expansion or development of new sources of supply and production during this time will find a ready market for quality shrimp. Most of the existing shrimp fisheries in the Indian Ocean region are potentially capable of withstanding added expansion at this time. -
DocumentInternational trade 1971
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No results found.The tuna industry is a large, mature, well-established segment of the seafood producing, processing, and marketing economy. World production of albacore and light tunas has increased from 763,000 metric tons in 1960 to 1.081.000 metric tons in 1969. Two-thirds of this increase occurred between 1960 and 1962. Since that time, growth has been limited to an average of 17.000 tons per year. Catches by the longline fleets have shown no growth since 1962. Longline fishing, which has provided about 40% of the world supply in recent years, is operating on fully- or overexploited stocks. The discovery of new sub-surface stocks is unlikely and it is anticipated that of surface fishing effort on the younger fish will recruitment to the sub-surface populations. Surface fishing effort by purse seine vessels has increased in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic and by pole and line vessels in the western Pacific in recent years and so have landings. Fishing for yellowfin is currently under regulation in the eastern Pacific being considered for the eastern Atlantic. Skipjack populations remain largely underdeveloped in the tropical areas of the Pacific, Atlantic Indian Oceans and are expected to provide much of the future increase in world tuna landings. The United States is the major world for tuna and in 1969 consumed the equivalent of 461,000 metric tons of round fish. Consumption is almost entirely in the canned form. During the period 1960 to 1969, use has increased at the rate of 14.000 m etric tons per year. Per capita consumption during 1969 was 2.25 kilograms and has been increasing at the rate of .04 kilograms per since 1960. Japan is the second largest user of tuna and there it is eaten as sashimi, katsuo bushi, namari bushi, in fish and canned. Total usage of tuna in Japan peaked in 1962 at 350.000 metric tons and has since declined to about 325.000 metric tons per year. Per capita consumption is high at 3.25 kilograms per year. The decline in consumption of tuna in Japan i s attributed to the shortage of raw material and resulting rapid and steady increase in price during the 10 year period. -
Book (stand-alone)Operationalization of fish auction market feasibility study 2011
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No results found.With an EEZ of 1.9 km2, the Government of Mauritius envisions the land based oceanic industries as a strategy for extracting more value from the ocean to spearhead sustainable economic growth. Development of the seafood hub, the marine fisheries and aquaculture are the landmarks of the aforesaid strategy. In 2007 the Ministry of Fisheries and Rodrigues (MOFR) has precipitated the development of an electronic fish auction market at Fort William without any feasibility study and/or a business mode l. Actually construction works are completed and installation of electro-mechanical and refrigeration equipment is underway at a total cost of Rs 35 million. An additional capital investment of about Rs 15 million would be required for the acquisition of an electronic fish auction system and associated equipment to enable the operationalization of the facility. The parent Ministry reckons that it is not within its prerogative to be directly involved in the operationalization of the fish auction market on account the commercial / business orientation of the latter. It intends to procure a private operator-cum-investor to operationalize the facility through a Public-Private Partnership model. The present study has been commissioned by the MOFR to perform a techno-economic appraisal of the project in view to chart out appropriate operationalization strategies for the project. The fish auction at Fort William is designed to deal in fresh / chilled fish harvested by the domestic fisheries b ut an in- depth supply analysis has concluded that this is not feasible for various reasons. All the same, the facility is not adequately located and equipped to auction frozen by-catch of foreign tuna long line vessels which is available in sufficiently large quantities at the fishing port. Therefore the project is techno-economically unsustainable unless it is overhauled. According to the By-catch regulation 2004, all licensed foreign tuna long line vessels have an obligation to land their by- catch at the Agricultural Marketing Board (AMB) Cold Storage Facility at the fish docks while non-licensed visiting vessels have no obligation whatsoever unless the market conditions are attractive. The total annual supply of frozen by-catch in Mauritius estimated between 4000 and 9000 metric tonnes. To take advantage the market opportunities, the business model of fish auction facility to be adjusted to frozen by-catch trade and in this process the 300 tonne AMB cold storage facility at the fis h docks of Fanfaron will have to be amalgamated with the FAM. The refrigeration system installed at the FAM will be operated as an Ice-flakes Production Unit on a commercial basis. It will cater for effective demand of ice-flakes arising from the artisanal and semi-industrial (chilled) fisheries as well as fish marketing structures in its surrounding. However the administrative centre including the electronic backbone of the auction system will stay at Fort William. S.W.O.T analysis of the proje ct has concluded on two critical points which are: -The frozen by-catch is a secured business under the By-catch Regulations and the Licensing Policies of foreign tuna long line vessels. Government commitment to this project is a key determinant for the success of the project. -The major weakness of the project is the lack of local expertise and familiarity in electronic fish auction that can be obviously compensated by a proven foreign operator –cum-investor through a suitable PPP model or a st rategic alliance by means of a Joint Venture. investment The feasibility study of the FAM is prepared in a conservative approach. The total Public Investment is re- adjusted at Rs 25 million to reflect its actual market value. Additional Private Investment is estimated at Rs 15 million. The opportunity cost of long term public borrowings is taken at 6%, which is slightly higher than current financial market rates and that of the private project loans, at 10%. A weighted mean discounting factor o f 7.75 % is used to examine the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Break-Even (B/E) points of the project. The life cycle of the project is assumed at 15 years. Supply of by-catch supply for the first year of operation is projected at 1500 metric tonnes with and increment of 10% per year for the consecutive years. The mean market price of by-catch fish species is taken at prevailing international ex-vessel price including a price inflation rate of 5% per annum. Auction fe e is projected at 10 % of the primary sale price. The Ice-flakes Production Unit (IPU) will operate at 50% of its installed capacity which is minimal.
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