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Book (series)Technical studyLegal report on the ecosystem approach to fisheries in South Asia
An analysis of common features and good practices in the policy and legal frameworks of Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka and India
2025Also available in:
No results found.Legislating for an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) is complex, due to the holistic nature of EAF involving multiple factors that underpin the social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of fisheries sustainability. These factors include ecosystems integration, risks, inter-sectoral collaboration, research, participatory processes, monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement, among others. To assess how the EAF is being implemented through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO – through the Development Law Service (LEGN) of the FAO Legal Office, in collaboration with the Assessment and Management Team (NFIFM) of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, and the EAF-Nansen programme – developed the EAF Legal Diagnostic Tool, which was applied in 33 countries.In advancing the implementation of the EAF through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO has partnered with BOBP-IGO in developing this first subregional EAF legal report, which covers countries in South Asia. This report revisits the EAF legal reports of Bangladesh, India, Maldives and Sri Lanka to showcase their key common features and good practices of implementing the EAF through these countries’ policy and legal frameworks. This analysis is useful to demonstrate the subregional experience in support of the implementation of the EAF from a policy and legal perspective. The relevant policy references and legal provisions can be used as inspiration for other countries in South Asia and elsewhere, assisting them to review and enhance their policy and legal frameworks for better implementation of the EAF.The overall results of the EAF legal reports show that the assessed instruments of Bangladesh, India, Maldives and Sri Lanka have met a fair number of EAF legal requirements, but there remain gaps to be addressed. For the EAF legal components which were not found in the assessed policy and legal instruments of one or more countries, it is recommended to assess in more detail how the same component was provided in the policy and legal instruments of the other country or countries. This assessment can help understanding how the EAF legal component can be met, potentially supporting policymaking and legal drafting to better address that gap. -
Book (series)Technical reportLegal report on the ecosystem approach to fisheries in Cameroon
An analysis of the ecosystem approach to fisheries in selected national policy and legal instruments of Cameroon
2024Also available in:
No results found.Legislating for the ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) is complex, due to the holistic nature of EAF involving multiple factors that underpin the social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of fisheries sustainability. These factors include ecosystems integration, risks, intersectoral collaboration, research, participatory processes, monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement, among others. To assess how the EAF is being implemented through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO developed A diagnostic tool for implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries through national policy and legal frameworks.The present legal report on the EAF used the diagnostic tool to assess the alignment of selected policy and legal instruments of Cameroon with the EAF. This assessment analysed the extent to which 82 EAF legal requirements, which are considered the minimum standards in legislating for the EAF, are reflected in Cameroon's policies and legislation relevant to the fisheries sector of the country and other relevant sectors (such as environment, wildlife, ecosystems, and maritime affairs). Based on this preliminary diagnosis, gaps were identified in the assessed instruments, and recommendations were made for improving the implementation of the EAF.This report was elaborated following a participatory approach with the involvement of the national competent authorities of Cameroon. Drafted in October 2021, the report was revised and further developed in September 2023, and submitted to the national authorities of Cameroon in October 2023. -
Book (series)Technical studyLegal report on the ecosystem approach to fisheries in Ghana
An analysis of the ecosystem approach to fisheries in selected national policy and legal instruments of Ghana
2022Also available in:
No results found.Legislating for an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) is complex, due to the holistic nature of EAF involving multiple factors that underpin the social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of fisheries sustainability. These factors include ecosystems integration, risks, inter-sectoral collaboration, research, participatory processes, monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement, among others. To assess how an EAF is being implemented through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO developed "A diagnostic tool for implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries through national policy and legal frameworks". The present legal report on the EAF used the diagnostic tool to assess the alignment of selected policy and legal instruments of Ghana with an EAF. This assessment analysed the extent to which 82 EAF legal requirements, which are considered the minimum standards in legislating for an EAF, are reflected in Ghana's policies and legislation relevant to the fisheries sector of the country and other relevant sectors (such as environment, wildlife, ecosystems, and maritime affairs). Based on this preliminary diagnosis, gaps were identified in the assessed instruments, and recommendations were made for improving the implementation of an EAF. This report was elaborated following a participatory approach with the involvement of the national competent authorities of Ghana. Drafted in July 2021, the report was submitted to the national authorities of Ghana in October 2021. The Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development of Ghana and the Fisheries Commission endorsed this EAF Legal Repot of Ghana in December 2021.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.
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DocumentOther documentGeneral principles of food hygiene 2023This document outlines the general principles that should be understood and followed by food business operators at all stages of the food chain and that provide a basis for competent authorities to oversee food safety and suitability.This edition contains a new annex which introduces tools to determine the critical control points in a hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system.The term "Codex Alimentarius" is Latin and means "food code”. Codex standards are international food texts, i.e. standards, codes of practice, codes of hygienic practice, guidelines and other recommendations, established to protect the health of the consumers and to ensure fair practices in the food trade. The collection of food standards and related texts adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission is known as the Codex Alimentarius.