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Overview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia

LDN in Kyrgyzstan












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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Brochure
    Overview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
    LDN in Ukraine
    2021
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    Ukraine is the second largest country in Europe with large availability of arable land and some of the world’s most productive black soils. Agriculture dominates Ukraine’s landscape, and many soils have been lost due to wind and water erosion or become acidic, saline, or alkaline due to unsustainable agricultural practices, such as excessive use of mineral fertilizers and outdated technologies. Preservation and protection of arable land against land degradation and desertification is a national priority in the country and is essential for ensuring the sustainable development of agricultural landscapes and the reduction of rural poverty.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Brochure
    Overview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
    LDN in Kazakhstan
    2021
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    Kazakhstan, located in Central Asia, is the ninth largest country in world. It has a great diversity of topographies and soil characteristics and a variety of different climates with a marked seasonality. Agricultural activities are present in 80 percent of the country, with large areas covered by permanent meadows and pastures. Despite its significant pasture resources, overgrazing is found near rural settlements, enhancing water and wind erosion, expansion of non-palatable plants and soil salinity. With around 3 million hectares of forest and large cold winter deserts, Kazakstan hosts a rich diversity of endemic species. Soil salinity is also a major problem in croplands, especially in irrigated lands lacking proper water management.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Brochure
    Overview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
    LDN in Georgia
    2021
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    Georgia is located between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, in the Caucasus region. It is a small mountainous country mostly covered by forests and grasslands. Due to the climate and topography, soils are vulnerable to water and wind soil erosion. Desertification in Georgia is accelerated by unsustainable land use, causing widespread severe erosion of arable lands, loss of tree covered areas and decreased productivity of pasturelands. Most of the rural population depend on livestock rearing for their livelihoods and overgrazing is a major driver of pasturelands degradation. Protection and sustainable management of land resources is a crucial objective of the country which has set its national LDN targets.

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    What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021.
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    The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.
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    Russian Federation: Meat sector review
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    World food demand has seen massive changes, including a shift from staple foods to animal proteins and vegetable oils. In the short to medium term, this trend in global food demand will continue. There will be an increased demand for vegetable oils, meat, sugar, dairy products and livestock feed made from coarse grains and oilseed meals. There are numerous mid-term forecasts for the Russian Federation’s meat sector. Most of them agree on the following trends: (i) the consumption of poultry and p ork meat will increase; (ii) the consumption of beef will decrease or stabilize; and (iii) the Russian Federation will remain a net importer of meat on the world market. According to OECD and FAO projections, meat imports from the Russian Federation will decrease from 3 to 1.3 million tonnes, owing to an anticipated growth in domestic chicken meat and pork production. The country’s share in global meat imports is anticipated to decrease from 12 percent in 2006–2010, to 4 percent in 2021. While t he Russian Federation will continue to play an important role in the international meat market, it will fall from its position as the largest meat importing country in 2006–2010 to the fourth largest global meat importer by 2021, behind Japan, sub-Saharan African countries, and Saudi Arabia.