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Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food and Agriculture 2019
Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction
2019The need to reduce food loss and waste is firmly embedded in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Food loss and waste reduction is considered important for improving food security and nutrition, promoting environmental sustainability and lowering production costs. However, efforts to reduce food loss and waste will only be effective if informed by a solid understanding of the problem. This report provides new estimates of the percentage of the world’s food lost from production up to the retail level. The report also finds a vast diversity in existing estimates of losses, even for the same commodities and for the same stages in the supply chain. Clearly identifying and understanding critical loss points in specific supply chains – where considerable potential exists for reducing food losses – is crucial to deciding on appropriate measures. The report provides some guiding principles for interventions based on the objectives being pursued through food loss and waste reductions, be they in improved economic efficiency, food security and nutrition, or environmental sustainability. -
Book (stand-alone)General interest bookE-learning methodologies and good practices
A guide for designing and delivering e-learning solutions from the FAO elearning Academy, second edition
2021The document is intended to provide guidance on designing and developing e-learning-based solutions for trainers and instructional designers who are new to e-learning design. The guide also provides basic concepts and information on the processes and resources involved in e-learning development, which may be of interest to human resource (HR) and capacity-development managers. The content of this guide is based on consolidated instructional design models and learning theories and incorporates more than 15 years of experience of the FA0 elearning Academy, including work practices, standards and quality criteria adopted for the delivery of learning programmes and self-paced e-learning courses in development contexts.This book was revised and republished in June 2021 with new and revised content. Major changes from the previous version include new examples and case studies in all the chapters; new topics such as mobile learning and microlearning, digital badges, MOOCs and webinars; expansion of topics like blended learning, online facilitation, instructional techniques for e-learning content; and substantial revision of introductory and technology chapters.