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Creating an enabling environment for sustainable avocado and pineapple value chains - Opportunities for producing countries















FAO. 2024. Creating an enabling environment for sustainable avocado and pineapple value chains: opportunities for producing countries. Revised. 
Sustainable Tropical Fruits, No. 8. Rome. 




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    Concerned about business risk in avocado or pineapple supply chains? FAO can help. Global production and trade of tropical fruits have grown dramatically. Tropical fruits are a part of healthy diets for millions of people and contribute to rural and economic development in producer countries. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and concerns about sustainability (economic, environmental, and social) have shown business risks that must be addressed to ensure continued success in these value chains. Thus, FAO is leading the project “Building responsible global value chains for the sustainable production and trade of tropical fruits”. This flyer introduces the project to the private sector, including companies, producer organizations, trade associations, and industry initiatives. It summarizes how the project will help companies operating in avocado and pineapple supply chains to make their operations more sustainable and resilient. This includes strengthen or establish risk-based due diligence systems; providing a confidential environment for peer learning on pre-competitive issues; developing a series of demand-driven guides on technical challenges; and identifying opportunities to accelerate sustainable investment in these supply chains.
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    Building resilience is important for agrifood systems – such as tropical fruit value chains – to prepare, withstand and adapt to a wide range of risks, including climate and non-climatic shocks and stresses. Resilience is also important to foster transformation of value chains, to both minimize the negative impacts of external risks on the supply chain and also to prevent new operational problems that could compromise the long-term viability of businesses. The FAO-led Building responsible global value chains for the sustainable production and trade of tropical fruits project conducted a comprehensive study during the last quarter of 2022 to identify the main resilience challenges that participants in the avocado and pineapple sectors are facing. The study also aimed to understand the capacities the actors from both value chains possess to prevent, anticipate, absorb, adapt and transform in view of future climate and socioeconomic risks. The report includes the main results from the study, which were validated by the project participants during a workshop held on 6 December 2022. The findings largely draw on literature review and consultations with some of the main actors from the global avocado and pineapple industries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
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    This document describes the evolution of global patterns of tea trade between 2005 and 2020. Based on a network analytical approach, it is shown that most countries traded tea with more partners in 2020 compared with 2005. Especially on the export side, the structure of the tea trade network appears to have undergone some decentralization, in which trade became relatively less concentrated in individual trade hubs. Rising population and per capita income in low- and middle-income countries, generally lower import tariffs, greater harmonization in maximum residue levels in tea, product valorisation and changes in consumer preferences, are among the factors that underpinned the expansion in trade. This trend is likely to persist over the next decade, offering additional opportunities for the industry.
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    Fish in general and tuna in particular have been canned for many centuries. The three main tuna species that are canned are skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin (Thunnus albacores) and albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga). The main consuming countries are the EU, the United States, Canada, Japan, Mexico and Iran. In terms of geographic origin, there has been since the seventies a decline of the traditional canned tuna production poles in the North, and the emergence of new production poles in So uth East Asia, Africa and Latin America. In the future, globalization of the tuna canning industry is foreseen to continue at a steady pace, both in terms of outsourcing processing into low labour cost countries and of further vertical integration and consolidation at retail level.