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Book (series)Manual / guideGuide to the classical biological control of insect pests in planted and natural forests 2019
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No results found.Insect pests damage millions of hectares of forest worldwide each year. Moreover, the extent of such damage is increasing as international trade grows, facilitating the spread of insect pests, and as the impacts of climate change become more evident. Classical biological control is a well-tried, cost-effective approach to the management of invasive forest pests. It involves the importing of “natural enemies” of non-native pests from their countries of origin with the aim of establishing permanent, self-sustaining populations capable of sustainably reducing pest populations below damaging levels. A great deal of knowledge on classical biological control has been accumulated worldwide in the last few decades. This publication, which was written by a team of experts, distils that information in a clear, concise guide aimed at helping forest-health practitioners and forest managers – especially in developing countries – to implement successful classical biological control programmes. It provides general theory and practical guidelines, explains the “why” and “how” of classical biological control in forestry, and addresses the potential risks associated with such programmes. It features 11 case studies of successful efforts worldwide to implement classical biological control. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureClassical biological control of insect pests in forestry: a practical guide 2017
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No results found.An increase in travel, trade volumes and speed of transport have facilitated the introduction of non-indigenous species. Many of these species have become invasive within their new environments and have caused substantial damage by threatening the ability of forests to provide their economic, environmental and social benefits. The poster will dissiminate the key messages of Guide for the classical biological control of insect pests in planted and natural forests which is intended for policy-make rs, planners, managers and educators as well as the forest workers who implement peat management activities on the ground level -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetFactsheetFAO TO PROTECT CHESTNUT FORESTS IN TURKEY USING CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL METHODS 2017
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No results found.Chestnut (Castanea species) are trees providing crucial resources for livelihoods in many parts of the world, with a wide range of economic, social and environmental benefits. The Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is considered to be one of the most harmful insect pests of chestnut varieties in the world and can cause serious damage. However, protecting forest health from ACGW is possible using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles inc luding classical biological control methods.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food and Agriculture 2019
Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction
2019The need to reduce food loss and waste is firmly embedded in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Food loss and waste reduction is considered important for improving food security and nutrition, promoting environmental sustainability and lowering production costs. However, efforts to reduce food loss and waste will only be effective if informed by a solid understanding of the problem. This report provides new estimates of the percentage of the world’s food lost from production up to the retail level. The report also finds a vast diversity in existing estimates of losses, even for the same commodities and for the same stages in the supply chain. Clearly identifying and understanding critical loss points in specific supply chains – where considerable potential exists for reducing food losses – is crucial to deciding on appropriate measures. The report provides some guiding principles for interventions based on the objectives being pursued through food loss and waste reductions, be they in improved economic efficiency, food security and nutrition, or environmental sustainability. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookStandard operating procedure for soil enzyme activities
β-glucosidases, arylsulfatase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, dehydrogenase, phosphomonoesterases
2025Also available in:
No results found.This standard operating procedure (SOP) has been harmonized by the joint working group of the FAO's Global Soil Laboratory Network (GLOSOLAN) and the International Network on Soil Biodiversity (NETSOB). The protocol focuses on the determination of five soil enzyme activities: β-Glucosidases, Arylsulfatase, N-acetyl-β-Glucosaminidase, Dehydrogenase, and Phosphomonoesterases. After a general introduction on the importance of soil enzyme as key indicator for soil health and few remarks on the sampling strategies, the determination of each enzyme is presented separately with step-by-step instructions. -
Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated.