Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
-
Book (series)Flagship2023年粮食及农业状况
核算粮食真实成本，促进农业粮食体系转型
2023农业粮食体系为社会带来巨大利益，包括滋养人类的食物以及十亿多人的就业和生计。然而，“一切照常”式的活动和做法难以为继，其负面影响导致气候变化、自然资源退化、健康食品价格居高不下。如何应对这些负面影响，是个重大挑战，因为公众、企业、政府及其他利益相关方在日常决策时，对自身活动如何影响经济、社会和环境的可持续性缺乏全面了解。《2023年粮食及农业状况》为打造可持续的农业粮食体系核算了真实的粮食成本。本报告介绍了农业粮食体系的环境、社会和健康隐性成本和收益的概念，提出了评估这些成本和收益的方法 — 真实成本核算。为了落实真实成本核算方法，报告提出了一个两阶段的核算进程，首先是依靠国家一级的真实成本核算来提高认识，然后再进行深入和有针对性的核算，以确定解决方案的优先次序并指导农业粮食体系的转型行动。本报告首次尝试对154个国家进行核算，结果表明，全球农业粮食体系的隐性成本至少达到10万亿2020年购买力平价美元。核算表明，相对于国民收入而言，低收入国家的农业粮食体系隐性成本负担最大。尽管这些估算是初步的，但分析表明，迫切需要将隐性成本纳入农业粮食体系转型决策。各国需要在研究和数据方面进行创新，同时在数据收集和能力建设方面进行投资，以扩大真实成本核算的应用范围，特别是在中等偏下收入国家，从而使真实成本核算成为一个可行工具，以透明和一致的方式为决策提供参考。 -
BookletCorporate general interest概要：2024年粮食及农业状况
价值驱动农业粮食体系转型
2024揭示膳食的真实成本是打造更包容、更有韧性、更可持续农业粮食体系的第一步。正如《2023年粮食及农业状况》所述，农业粮食体系活动为社会创造了重大利益，但也对经济、社会、环境可持续性产生了负面影响。农业粮食体系的隐性成本估计约占全球国内生产总值的10%。因此，采取战略行动至关重要，农业粮食体系中所有行动主体，包括从生产者、农业企业到消费者和政府等，都应发挥关键作用。虽然实现农业粮食体系转型将为全球带来净收益，但转型的收益和成本在各利益相关方和国家之间却难以均匀分配。《2024年粮食及农业状况》基于2023年版的发现，深入探讨如何采用农业粮食体系真实成本核算，确定转型所需的政策干预措施。报告利用经过更新的全球数据库，确认了先前核算的农业粮食体系隐性成本，并详细列出了156个国家与不健康膳食结构和非传染性疾病相关的隐性成本。报告从六种类型农业粮食体系入手开展分析，根据预期结果和隐性成本设计不同的政策干预措施。案例研究便于我们对国家、地方和价值链场景进行深入评估，展示当前做法对经济、社会和环境的影响，为政策干预措施提供指导。在所有场景下，都必须与利益相关方开展包容性协商，以便为干预措施提供依据，并努力调和权力失衡和不同目标之间的利弊取舍。 -
Book (series)Flagship2022年粮食及农业状况
运用农业自动化推动农业粮食体系转型
2022自二十世纪初以来，自动化便一直与全球农业相生相伴。机动机械化成 效斐然 — 提高生产力，减轻繁重负担，提升劳动力配置效率，但同时也带来了一些不利的环境影响。近年来，数字农业自动化技术方兴未艾，一方面有望进一步提高生产力，增强韧性，另一方面也能兼顾以往机械化作业带来的环境可持续性挑战。《2022年粮食及农业状况》探究农业自动化的驱动因素，包括新兴的数字技术。本报告基于27个案例研究，分析了全球各类农业生产体系采纳数字自动化技术的商业逻辑。报告指出了阻碍此类技术得以包容性采纳的各种障碍，尤其是小规模生产者面临的障碍。主要障碍包括数字技能不高，缺少有利的基础设施，如通网和通电，此外还有资金限制。本出版物基于分析提出，相关政策要确保发展中区域的弱势群体能够从农业自动化进程中受益，且自动化进程要有利于建设可持续、有韧性的农业粮食体系。
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
-
Book (series)High-profilePerspectives agricoles del’OCDE et de la FAO 2023-2032 2023Les Perspectives agricoles 2023-2032 sont le fruit de la collaboration entre l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) et l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO). Les deux organisations mettent en commun leurs connaissances spécialisées sur les produits, les politiques et les pays, ainsi que les informations fournies par leurs pays membres, afin de produire chaque année une analyse des perspectives des marchés nationaux, régionaux et mondiaux des produits agricoles de base pour la décennie à venir.La présente édition des Perspectives agricoles a été préparée conjointement par les Secrétariats de l’OCDE et de la FAO.
-
Book (series)Technical studyPacific oyster farming
A practical manual
2024Also available in:
No results found.The purpose of this manual is to give the reader a foundation of practical knowledge regarding all aspects of Pacific oyster cultivation. It is targeted at new entrants to the market wishing to establish a farm, and existing operators who wish to develop their farms and explore new cultivation techniques. The methodologies described can be applied both to low-tech, low budget, small-scale farming operations and to high-tech, big budget, industrial-scale aquaculture production enterprises. This guide focuses on the functional expertise and technical equipment required to construct and manage an operational farm in the diverse environmental and physical locations in which they can be situated, from the initial stages of finding and selecting a suitable site, to the conclusion of the first production cycle and harvesting the crop. The manual contains a brief introduction which describes the relevance of the species with regards to global aquaculture production figures and how it can form an important part of future food production strategies. Chapter 2 describes the anatomy and biology of Crassostrea gigas and gives an indication as to the environmental conditions in which the species thrives as well as the pathologies and predators that can result in poor health leading to potential mortalities. Chapter 3 deals with all aspects of undertaking a survey of potential oyster farming sites and what data should be collected and examined to assess a site’s suitability, but also which areas are best suited to different cultivation techniques. After this, Chapter 4 introduces the main farming techniques that will be described in detail in the following chapters, which includes off-bottom cultivation, on-bottom cultivation, and suspended cultivation, and gives details of some of the most common cultivation equipment necessary to undertake these operations. The techniques and strategies necessary to procure seed oysters and how to develop them through the nursery stage are also introduced. This includes the basic principles of upwelling, which then leads into Chapter 5, which provides a detailed description of how to build and operate one particular example of a Floating Upwelling System (Flupsy) which is suitable for use in remote but sheltered conditions. Chapters 6, 7 and 8 constitute the main body of the manual and provide an in-depth look into the three major cultivation techniques that this guide concentrates on: “Farming with trestles and bags in the intertidal zone”, “On-bottom cultivation in the intertidal or subtidal zone” and “Offshore longline cultivation”. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.