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No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportThai freshwater prawn and brine shrimp farming. Report on a study of economics, marketing and processing requirements 1980
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No results found.Freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergil) farming is a rapidly expanding industry in Thailand. The production of both post-larvae and marketable prawn increased about 80 percent between 1979 and 1980. Currently the industry consists of 59 hatcheries and at least 455 farms utilizing approximately 2,346 rai (375 hectares) of land. Current hatchery production exceeds 25 million post-larvae per year with a potential production of over 100 million. The total production of marketable prawn in 1980 is estimated to be about 350 tons with a total retail value of nearly 70 million Baht ($3.5 million). Thailand is already a leader in terms of total land used for freshwater prawn production including Hawaii. Since culture technology is not expected to be a limiting factor for expansion, the future development of this industry depends mainly on its economic viability and the market potential for locally produced prawn. The economic viability of this industry was evaluated mainly based on the d ata collected from a field survey. The production efficiency of both hatchery and grow–out farm operations in Thailand is relatively low. The productivity per unit of Artemia (the most important food for juvenile prawn) used in the hatchery is only about half that in Hawaii, and the production of marketable prawn per unit of pond area is only one-third. However, despite the low productivities, all of the hatcheries and farms interviewed are currently making a good profit mainly because of the re latively low cost of inputs and the prevailing high price of prawn. The average rate of return to initial investment is high for both hatchery and grow-out farm operations. In most cases, the initial investment can be paid off within the second year of operation. However, this situation will change if the production exceeds the demand resulting in a lower price for prawn and hence lower profit. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportResearches on marine finfish and shrimp farming
Establishment of a Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
1985Also available in:
No results found.The Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) is one of the four regional lead centres participating in the regional activities of the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia (NACA) to carry out regional research, training and information activities. In formulating the research activities for the Regional Lead Centre in the Philippines (RLCP), FAO has assigned a task force to prepare viable research programme in consultation with the research leaders of the Centre. The task force also held a number of consultation with some of the leading fish pond operators, officers of the government and University. The programmes for the Regional Aquaculture Lead Centres in Asia is contained in the document ADCP/REF/80/14 (En.). The farming system selected for the Regional Lead Centre in the Philippines are (i) shrimp culture in ponds and (ii) pond culture of milkfish, mullet and other brackishwater finfish. However, because of limitation of funds, facilit ies and technical manpower, research will be concentrated on priority commodities of the country which also are of regional interest. While noting the effort of IDRC in establishing breeding and culture technology for milkfish, the Centre focuses its initial attention and effort on the farming of shrimp in brackishwater ponds and culture of other brackishwater finfish (seabass and grouper). The selection of shrimp is due to its high market value and its economic importance to the shrimp cultiv ated in the various tropical and sub-tropical Asian countries. The rapid decline of supply from the wild has led many countries to launch massive programmes to culture the species which has a lucrative export value. However, appropriate farming technology has not been fully developed resulting to frequent shortage of feed supply, poor harvest and in some cases collapse of production farms. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportIndonesia - Shrimp culture research. A report prepared for the brackishwater shrimp and milkfish culture applied research and training project 1979
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No results found.This report gives an account of penaeid shrimp culture development work including postlarval production, nursery rearing and pond culture. The postlarval culture method was established for Penaeus monodon and P. merguiensis using different types of culture vessels. The total number of postlarvae produced in 1975 was 580 300 and production has increased to over 4 million in 1977; this figure will be rapidly increased in 1978 from induced gonad maturation and spawning. The highest P. monodon postl arvae per brood in a 10 m3 tank was achieved by producing 375 000 with 73 percent survival, and 320 000 with 52 percent survival for P. merguiensis. Mass-culture systems of phytoplankton and rotifers were established for larval food organisms. The particulated soybean curd and rotifers were used for the larval diet to substitute for Artemia nauplii. Artemia will still be needed for a better survival rate. Various types of nursery methods were experimented on formulated diet and on natural food in ponds; the optimal nursery stocking densities were determined. A series of pond culture results indicated that interim fish extermination by using 7 ppm derris root extract was effective. The annual shrimp production in pond projected from preliminary results indicated that 600 kg per ha per year is possible, utilizing natural productivity with the fertilization but no feeding. This phase of the work needs to be repeated. Based on the experiments, recommendations are outlined for f urther work to increase production.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022
Towards Blue Transformation
2022The 2022 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture coincides with the launch of the Decade of Action to deliver the Global Goals, the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. It presents how these and other equally important United Nations events, such as the International Year of Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture (IYAFA 2022), are being integrated and supported through Blue Transformation, a priority area of FAO’s new Strategic Framework 2022–2031 designed to accelerate achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in food and agriculture. The concept of Blue Transformation emerged from the Thirty-fourth Session of the FAO Committee on Fisheries in February 2021, and in particular the Declaration for Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture, which was negotiated and endorsed by all FAO Members. The Declaration calls for support for “an evolving and positive vision for fisheries and aquaculture in the twenty first century, where the sector is fully recognized for its contribution to fighting poverty, hunger and malnutrition.” In this context, Part 1 of this edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture reviews the world status of fisheries and aquaculture, while Parts 2 and 3 are devoted to Blue Transformation and its pillars on intensifying and expanding aquaculture, improving fisheries management and innovating fisheries and aquaculture value chains. Blue Transformation emphasizes the need for forward-looking and bold actions to be launched or accelerated in coming years to achieve the objectives of the Declaration and in support of the 2030 Agenda. Part 4 covers current and high-impact emerging issues – COVID-19, climate change and gender equality – that require thorough consideration for transformative steps and preparedness to secure sustainable, efficient and equitable fisheries and aquaculture. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.