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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochurePreventing the spread and introduction of Banana Fusarium Tropical race 4 (TR4)
TR4 Global Network - An initiative of the World Banana Forum
2020Preventing the spread and introduction of Banana Fusarium Tropical race 4 (TR4) disease is a summary of a more extensive guide for travellers, targeting occasional and regular travellers to or from banana and plantain production areas. The quick guide aims to raise awareness and provide direction on preventing the spread of the highly virulent pathogen known as Tropical Race 4 (TR4. The document opens with a brief historical background on the banana fusarium wilt disease that have affected banana and plantain plants over several decades. Today, TR4 threatens almost all banana and plantain producers, posing the greatest risks to countries producing Cavendish bananas in monoculture plantations in Asia, Australia, Africa, the Near East, Latin America and the Caribbean. Once established in a banana or plantain plantation, the fungus can survive in the soil and in alternative host plants for decades. Finally, the quick guide offers recommendations: for regular and occasional travellers and local or international visitors; for farmers, professionals, technicians and employees visiting disease-free banana and plantain farms in areas where TR4 infestation has been recorded; and additional recommendations for visiting farms infested with TR4 for obligatory and work-related reasons. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureTropical Race 4 prevention strategies
TR4 Global Network. An initiative of the World Banana Forum
2020Managing the movement of soil, water and plant material entering and exiting farms is the key to effective on-farm biosecurity. Prevention is currently the primary way to avoid new Tropical race 4 (TR4) invasions. Intended for a development practitioner audience, TR4 prevention strategies, details, step by step, how early detection, rapid destruction of infected banana and plantain plants, and on-farm restrictions are the only way to control and contain TR4. A country’s regulatory framework is explored in this document, with, for example, the following steps to be taken: designation of TR4 as a quarantine pest; setting up a monitoring system to promptly detect incursions; enacting of regulations that allow the National Plant Protection Organisation (NPPO) to intervene on farms. On-farm biosecurity is only effective if the standard for practices are high, and if practices are adhered to at all times. A single practice failure can potentially lead to the introduction of a new pest or disease. With this in mind, ten biosecurity measures are listed, which if enforced, enable farmers/growers to help to protect not only their own farms, but also their country's banana industry. In addition, practical and detailed steps for farm visitors and for international travellers are included in the document. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochurePreventing the spread and introduction of banana fusarium wilt disease Tropical race 4 (TR4)
Guide for travelers
2020Banana is an important crop for food security and ensuring the livelihoods of approximately 400 million people who depend on the crop either as a staple food or source of income, particularly in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Plant pests and diseases can seriously affect agricultural production and livelihood of rural people. Fusarium wilt of banana is one of the key examples of crop devastation by a plant disease. This disease brought the banana export industry almost to a halt in the 20th century when the popular banana variety Gros Michel was devastated in Central America. The sector was saved by the introduction of the Cavendish variety, which is resistant to race 1 of the fungus. However, Cavendish bananas are now succumbing to a new, highly aggressive strain of the Fusarium wilt fungus, Tropical race 4 (TR4). Fusarium wilt TR4 threatens almost all banana producers, posing the greatest risks to countries producing Cavendish bananas in monoculture plantations in Asia, Australia, Africa, the Near East, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Cavendish bananas, which constitute approximately half of the bananas grown globally are highly susceptible to TR4, but other dessert banana varieties grown in these regions are also susceptible. Once established in a banana plantation, the fungus can survive in the soil for decades with its chlamydospores, even without banana plants. Scientific reports indicate the presence of TR4 in numerous countries in Asia (China – mainland and Taiwan Province), India, Indonesia, Israel, Jordan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lebanon, Malaysia, Myanmar,
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookSoil erosion: the greatest challenge for sustainable soil management 2019
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Despite almost a century of research and extension efforts, soil erosion by water, wind and tillage continues to be the greatest threat to soil health and soil ecosystem services in many regions of the world. Our understanding of the physical processes of erosion and the controls on those processes has been firmly established. Nevertheless, some elements remain controversial. It is often these controversial questions that hamper efforts to implement sound erosion control measures in many areas of the world. This book, released in the framework of the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (15-17 May 2019) reviews the state-of-the-art information related to all topics related to soil erosion. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020
Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets
2020Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions.The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileStatus of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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No results found.The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading: