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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookBlack teatfish, Holothuria whitmaei and Holothuria nobilis, White teatfish, Holothuria fuscogilva
Expert panel summary proposal: 45
2019The sixth FAO Expert Advisory Panel for the Assessment of Proposals to Amend Appendices I and II of CITES Concerning Commercially-exploited Aquatic Species was held at FAO headquarters from 21 to 25 January 2019. The Panel was convened in response to the agreement by the twenty-fifth session of the FAO Committee on Fisheries (COFI) on the terms of reference for an expert advisory panel for assessment of proposals to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), and to the endorsement of the twenty-sixth session of COFI to convene the Panel for relevant proposals to future CITES Conference of the Parties. The objectives of the Panel were to: i. assess each proposal from a scientific perspective in accordance with the CITES biological listing criteria (Resolution Conf. 9.24 [Rev. CoP17]; ii. comment, as appropriate, on technical aspects of the proposal in relation to biology, ecology, trade and management issues, as well as, to the extent possible, the likely effectiveness for conservation. The Panel considered the following four proposals submitted to the eighteenth Conference of the Parties to CITES: CoP18 Prop. 42 to include mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus in Appendix II in accordance with Article II paragraph 2(a) and Isurus paucus in Appendix II in accordance with Article II paragraph 2(b). The FAO Expert Panel assessment of proposal 42 concluded that the available data do not provide evidence that the species meets the CITES Appendix II listing criteria. CoP18 Prop. 43 to include blackchin guitarfish Glaucostegus cemiculus and the sharpnose guitarfish, Glaucostegus granulatus in Appendix II in accordance with Article II paragraph 2(a) and inclusion of all other giant guitarfish, Glaugostegus spp. in accordance with Article II paragraph 2(b). The FAO Expert Panel assessment of proposal 43 concluded that there was insufficient evidence to make a determination against the CITES criteria. CoP18 Prop. 44 to include white-spotted wedgefish, Rhynchobatus australiae and Rhynchobatus djiddensis in Appendix II in accordance with Article II paragraph 2(a). The FAO Expert Panel assessment of proposal 44 concluded that there was insufficient evidence to make a determination against the CITES criteria. CoP18 Prop. 45 to include the subgenus Holothuria (Microthele): Holothuria fuscogilva, Holothuria nobilis and Holothuria whitmaei in Appendix II in accordance with Article II paragraph 2(a). The FAO Expert Panel assessment of proposal 45 concluded that the available data for Holothuria fuscogilva does not meet, there was insufficient evidence to make a determination for Holothuria nobilis and Holothuria whitmaei does meet the CITES Appendix II listing criteria.