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DocumentEvaluation reportIndependent evaluation of the workings of the International Plant Protection Convention and its institutional arrangements 2007The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) is an international treaty relating to plant health, to which as of September 2007 165 governments adhere. The Secretariat for the IPPC is provided by FAO and the Convention is governed by the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM). The WTO agreement on sanitary and phyto-sanitary matters (SPS) recognises the IPPC as the international standard-setting organization for the elaboration of international standards to help ensure that phytosani tary measures are not used as unjustified barriers to trade. Consequently, steps were undertaken to adapt the Convention to the new realities. This resulted in the development of a revised text which extended the Convention’s scope and mandate to include standard-setting, the promotion of the provision of technical assistance, and to address environmental concerns. The new revised text of the IPPC was adopted in 1997 and came into force in October 2005.
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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetEvaluation reportIndependent evaluation of FAO’s decentralization 2005This evaluation came ten years after the Director-General had introduced further decentralization as a major pillar in the comprehensive package of reforms launched in 1994. The central aim of the decentralization was to increase the Organization’s relevance and ability to act in proximity to the problems of member countries. It was also seen as an opportunity to enhance the use of national capacities, to achieve economies in implementation and to improve response time.
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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetEvaluation reportExamen indépendant du Programme de coopération technique 2005Le Programme de coopération technique (PCT) de la FAO a été lancé en 1976 avec des ressources du budget ordinaire de l’Organisation afin de répondre à des demandes urgentes d’assistance technique émanant des pays membres. Entre 1976 et la fin de 2004, 8 674 projets PCT ont été approuvés pour un montant total de 983 millions de dollars EU. Les critères régissant le PCT n’ont guère évolué sauf en ce qui concerne le plafond financier et la durée maximale des projets qui ont été portés en 1991 de 25 0 000 dollars EU à 400 000 dollars EU et de 12 à 24 mois, respectivement. Cependant, compte tenu des importants changements intervenus dans le programme et dans le contexte dans lequel il opère, un examen approfondi du mécanisme du PCT s’est avéré nécessaire.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023
Urbanization, agrifood systems transformation and healthy diets across the rural–urban continuum
2023This report provides an update on global progress towards the targets of ending hunger (SDG Target 2.1) and all forms of malnutrition (SDG Target 2.2) and estimates on the number of people who are unable to afford a healthy diet. Since its 2017 edition, this report has repeatedly highlighted that the intensification and interaction of conflict, climate extremes and economic slowdowns and downturns, combined with highly unaffordable nutritious foods and growing inequality, are pushing us off track to meet the SDG 2 targets. However, other important megatrends must also be factored into the analysis to fully understand the challenges and opportunities for meeting the SDG 2 targets. One such megatrend, and the focus of this year’s report, is urbanization. New evidence shows that food purchases in some countries are no longer high only among urban households but also among rural households. Consumption of highly processed foods is also increasing in peri-urban and rural areas of some countries. These changes are affecting people’s food security and nutrition in ways that differ depending on where they live across the rural–urban continuum. This timely and relevant theme is aligned with the United Nations General Assembly-endorsed New Urban Agenda, and the report provides recommendations on the policies, investments and actions needed to address the challenges of agrifood systems transformation under urbanization and to enable opportunities for ensuring access to affordable healthy diets for everyone. -
Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.