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DocumentOther documentDu poisson pour la vie: nutrition et développement en Afrique de l’Est et dans l’océan Indien occidental 2014
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Durant les décennies écoulées, des progrès significatifs ont été accomplis à l’échelle mondiale dans la réduction de la faim et de la pauvreté, ainsi que dans l’amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire et de la nutrition. De nombreux pays africains ont profité de ce développement positif, mais certains sont encore touchés. L’amélioration des méthodes de production et l’utilisation de nouvelles avancées technologiques ont contribué à une utilisation plus efficace des ressources et une meilleure sé curité alimentaire. Pourtant le monde, et certains pays africains en particulier, se trouve toujours face à de grands défis ; malgré les évolutions positives, des inquiétudes persistent. Quelque 795 millions de personnes sont encore considérées comme sous-alimentées, malgré une baisse de 167 millions durant la décennie écoulée, et de 216 millions par rapport à 1990–1992. Ces dernières années, les progrès ont été freinés par une croissance économique plus lente et moins inclusive, ainsi que par u ne instabilité politique dans certaines régions en développement, telles que l’Afrique centrale et l’Asie occidentale. -
DocumentOther documentOpérations conjointes pour lutter contre la pêche INN au lac Victoria 2014
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Le lac Victoria, premier lac d’Afrique par sa taille, constitue sans doute à lui seul la source de poissons d’eau douce la plus importante du continent africain. Il contribue ainsi de façon significative aux économies nationales et régionales et aux moyens de subsistance de la population, estimée à trois millions, des trois pays bordant ses rives, à savoir le Kenya, la Tanzanie et l’Ouganda. La perche du Nil a été introduite dans le lac dans les années 1950 et sa biomasse s’est développée au poi nt de décimer la communauté de poissons endémiques du lac et d’en devenir l’espèce la plus importante ainsi que l’objet d’une pêche commerciale lucrative. Si l’Organisation des pêches du lac Victoria (OPLV) a été créée en 1994 pour assurer la gestion conjointe des ressources halieutiques du lac pour le compte des trois Etats partenaires, la pêche Illicite, non déclarée et non réglementée (INN) n’a jamais cessé d’affecter la perche du Nil. Si sa biomasse avait atteint le pic d’environ 2,3 million s de tonnes en 1999 et constituait 92% de la biomasse totale de poissons du lac, en 2008, elle ne s’élevait plus qu’à 300 000 tonnes. Pire, la longueur moyenne de la perche du Nil a chuté de 51,7 cm à 26,6 cm (longueur enregistrée en 2008), ce qui se situe bien en-dessous de la taille moyenne de 50 cm requise pour l’exportation. -
DocumentOther documentUn groupe de travail multi-agence oeuvrant a mettre fin aux ravages de la pêche a l'explosif 2014
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La pêche à l'explosif, ou pêche à la dynamite, est une méthode hautement destructive et illégale de prendre des poissons. Elle consiste à utiliser de la dynamite ou d'autres types d'explosifs pour propager des ondes de choc à travers l'eau. Ces ondes assomment ou tuent les poissons qui sont ensuite collectés puis vendus. La pêche à l'explosif est une activité lucrative non seulement par la vente des prises de poisson mais aussi par le commerce d'explosifs illégaux. Les engins explosifs improvisé s peuvent exploser plus tôt que prévu et ont déjà causé des blessures, voire le décès de l'utilisateur ou de personnes innocentes qui se trouvaient à proximité.
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Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.