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Book (stand-alone)Flagship2015–16年农产品市场状况
贸易与粮食安全：更好地平衡国家重点与集体利益
2015全球农产品和粮食产品贸易已在最近几十年取得快速增长，各国作为出口或进口方越来越多地参与这一贸易进程。这种趋势预计将在今后几十年中持续。因此，贸易将在全球各区域对粮食安全的程度和性质产生越来越重要的影响。我们面临的挑战就是确保农产品贸易的扩大能对消除饥饿、粮食不安全和营养不良起到促进作用，而不是阻碍作用。 本版《农产品市场状况》旨在缓解目前各方在农产品贸易对粮食安全产生的影响以及如何管理农产品贸易以确保贸易开放度的增加能惠及所有国家等问题上出现的观点两极分化现象。本书通过就一系列话题举证和说明，努力促成各方就政策选择开展有实证依据的辩论，并在政策选择过程中努力实现必要的改进。 -
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Book (series)Flagship2022年农产品市场状况
粮食和农业贸易地理：促进可持续发展的政策方法
2022《2022年农产品市场状况》讨论了多边和区域贸易政策如何应对当今可持续发展的挑战。粮食和农业领域贸易政策应旨在保障全球粮食安全，解决如何平衡经济目标和环境目标的问题，并加强全球农业粮食体系抵御冲突、疫情和极端天气等冲击的韧性。报告讨论了贸易地理，分析了各国和各区域粮食和农业贸易及其模式、驱动因素和贸易政策环境。比较优势、贸易政策和贸易成本决定了粮食和农业贸易模式。如果在全球市场上能够切实发挥比较优势，贸易对所有国家都是有利的。降低关税壁垒，减少贸易成本，能够促进贸易和经济增长。多边和区域贸易协定均有助实现贸易促进增长，但是贸易益处却分配不均。在应对有关气候变化等全球性环境影响方面，多边贸易方式有助于扩大气候减缓措施的影响力。
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)Technical studyPacific oyster farming
A practical manual
2024Also available in:
No results found.The purpose of this manual is to give the reader a foundation of practical knowledge regarding all aspects of Pacific oyster cultivation. It is targeted at new entrants to the market wishing to establish a farm, and existing operators who wish to develop their farms and explore new cultivation techniques. The methodologies described can be applied both to low-tech, low budget, small-scale farming operations and to high-tech, big budget, industrial-scale aquaculture production enterprises. This guide focuses on the functional expertise and technical equipment required to construct and manage an operational farm in the diverse environmental and physical locations in which they can be situated, from the initial stages of finding and selecting a suitable site, to the conclusion of the first production cycle and harvesting the crop. The manual contains a brief introduction which describes the relevance of the species with regards to global aquaculture production figures and how it can form an important part of future food production strategies. Chapter 2 describes the anatomy and biology of Crassostrea gigas and gives an indication as to the environmental conditions in which the species thrives as well as the pathologies and predators that can result in poor health leading to potential mortalities. Chapter 3 deals with all aspects of undertaking a survey of potential oyster farming sites and what data should be collected and examined to assess a site’s suitability, but also which areas are best suited to different cultivation techniques. After this, Chapter 4 introduces the main farming techniques that will be described in detail in the following chapters, which includes off-bottom cultivation, on-bottom cultivation, and suspended cultivation, and gives details of some of the most common cultivation equipment necessary to undertake these operations. The techniques and strategies necessary to procure seed oysters and how to develop them through the nursery stage are also introduced. This includes the basic principles of upwelling, which then leads into Chapter 5, which provides a detailed description of how to build and operate one particular example of a Floating Upwelling System (Flupsy) which is suitable for use in remote but sheltered conditions. Chapters 6, 7 and 8 constitute the main body of the manual and provide an in-depth look into the three major cultivation techniques that this guide concentrates on: “Farming with trestles and bags in the intertidal zone”, “On-bottom cultivation in the intertidal or subtidal zone” and “Offshore longline cultivation”. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.