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BookletIn Brief: The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2018
Agricultural trade, climate change and food security
2018The 2018 edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets aims to deepen the discussion on the broad spectrum of policy instruments available to policy-makers implementing the Paris Agreement. It examines how various forms of domestic support and trade measures relate to climate change adaptation and mitigation; how they might be used in the future; and, how World Trade Organization (WTO) rules shape policy choices. The report explores policy options that lie on the juncture of: the Paris Agreement, a framework that allows f lexibility in setting targets and choosing interventions; and the WTO agreements, which are based on specific rules aimed at minimizing production and trade distortions. As such, it discusses how best to strengthen the mutually supportive role of these multilateral accords. -
Book (stand-alone)The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2018
Agricultural trade, climate change and food security
2018Global agricultural trade has increased significantly in value terms since 2000. Its pattern has also changed – emerging economies and developing countries play a bigger role in international markets, and South–South agricultural trade has expanded significantly. Climate change is expected to affect agriculture, food security and nutrition unevenly across countries and regions. Changes in comparative advantage in agriculture around the world will also affect international trade. This edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets focuses on the complex and underexplored intersection between agricultural trade, climate change and food security. The report makes an important contribution to the policy debates on climate change adaptation and mitigation under the Paris Agreement and the multilateral agricultural trade rules. The report discusses policies – both domestic support and trade measures – that can promote food security, adaptation and mitigation, and improve the livelihoods of family farmers around the world. Given both the slow- and rapid-onset impacts of climate change, policies that can significantly promote climate change adaptation and mitigation would benefit from deeper discussions in international fora on how to strengthen the mutually supportive role of trade rules and climate interventions. -
Book (series)The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2022
The geography of food and agricultural trade: Policy approaches for sustainable development
2022The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2022 (SOCO 2022) discusses how trade policies, based on both multilateral and regional approaches, can address today’s challenges for sustainable development. Trade policies in food and agriculture should aim to safeguard global food security, address the trade-offs between economic and environmental objectives, and strengthen the resilience of the global agrifood system to shocks, such as conflicts, pandemics and extreme weather. The report discusses the geography of trade, analysing food and agricultural trade and its patterns across countries and regions, its drivers and the trade policy environment. Comparative advantage, trade policies and trade costs shape the patterns of trade in food and agriculture. When comparative advantage plays out in the global market, trade benefits all countries. Lowering tariff barriers and reducing trade costs can promote trade and economic growth. Both multilateral and regional trade agreements can facilitate the process of making trade an avenue for growth but the gains of trade are distributed unevenly. When global environmental impacts, such as climate change, are considered, a multilateral approach to trade can help expand the reach of mitigation measures.
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