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Book (series)Technical reportUniversity curriculum assessment on the learning outcomes related to antimicrobial resistance at the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at the Tajik Agrarian University named after Shirinsho Shotemur
Assessment report
2025Also available in:
No results found.The Strengthening Veterinary Education on Antimicrobial Resistance series compiles assessment reports of veterinary education institutions, detailing strengths and areas for improvement in the institutions’ curricula, and recommendations to enhance their education on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) learning outcomes. Data was gathered through assessments performed using the Ohio State University's "Evaluation Tool to Assess AMR Learning Outcomes". This issue of the series summarizes the findings of the assessment conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at the Tajik Agrarian University named after Shirinsho Shotemur (TAU) in Dushanbe, Tajikistan.The curriculum assessment at TAU was performed in 2023, and involved a total of 27 participants, i.e. assessors, from the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences. During the assessment, participants reported on a total of 82 AMR learning outcomes (LOs), evaluating whether they were covered by the curriculum or not and how proficient an average Day 1 veterinary graduate (D1VG) at the institution was in the given topics.Overall, the average D1VG of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at TAU was considered to be proficient in 43 percent of the LOs assessed. Among the strengths identified, the perceived competence of the average D1VG was highest in the following topics: implementing prevention and biosecurity programmes in dairy production systems to mitigate infectious diseases to limit antimicrobial use (AMU), and identifying zoonotic bacterial transmission pathways between animal and human populations and establishing preventive measures to mitigate such transmission.Findings and recommendations summarized in this report will help to strengthen veterinary education at TAU via ensuring adequate coverage of topics related to AMR and prudent AMU and will therefore decrease the risk of resistance development in the food and agriculture sector in Tajikistan. -
Book (series)Technical reportUniversity curriculum assessment on the learning outcomes related to antimicrobial resistance at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry at the West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University named after Zhangir Khan
Assessment report
2025Also available in:
No results found.The Strengthening Veterinary Education on Antimicrobial Resistance series compiles assessment reports of veterinary education institutions, detailing strengths and areas for improvement in the institutions’ curricula, and recommendations to enhance their education on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) learning outcomes (LOs). Data was gathered through assessments performed using the Ohio State University's "Evaluation Tool to Assess AMR Learning Outcomes". This issue of the series summarizes the findings of the assessment conducted at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry at the West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University named after Zhangir Khan (WKATU) in Uralsk, Kazakhstan.The curriculum assessment at WKATU was performed in 2023, and involved a total of 23 participants, i.e. assessors, from the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry. During the assessment, participants reported on a total of 82 AMR LOs, evaluating whether they were covered by the curriculum or not and how proficient an average Day 1 veterinary graduate (D1VG) at the institution was in the given topics.Overall, the average D1VG of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry at WKATU was considered fully proficient in the following fields: antimicrobial stewardship,antimicrobial drugs and AMR, roles and relationships, and critical analysis. Findings and recommendations summarized in this report will help to strengthen veterinary education at WKATU via ensuring adequate coverage of topics related to AMR and prudent antimicrobial use (AMU) and will therefore decrease the risk of resistance development in the food and agriculture sector in Kazakhstan. -
Book (series)Technical studyUniversity curriculum assessment on the learning outcomes related to antimicrobial resistance at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Kazakh National Agrarian Research University
Assessment report
2025Also available in:
No results found.The Strengthening Veterinary Education on Antimicrobial Resistance series compiles assessment reports of veterinary education institutions, detailing strengths and areas for improvement in the institutions’ curricula, and recommendations to enhance their education on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) learning outcomes (LOs). Data was gathered through assessments performed using the Ohio State University's "Evaluation Tool to Assess AMR Learning Outcomes". This issue of the series summarizes the findings of the assessment conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Kazakh National Agrarian Research University (KazNARU) in Almaty, Kazakhstan.The curriculum assessment at KazNARU was performed in 2023, and involved a total of 24 participants, i.e. assessors, from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. During the assessment, participants reported on a total of 82 AMR LOs, evaluating whether they were covered by the curriculum or not and how proficient an average Day 1 veterinary graduate (D1VG) at the institution was in the given topics.Overall, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at KazNARU performed well in the assessment: the average D1VG was considered to be proficient in 68 percent of the LOs assessed. The faculty performed best in LOs in the fields of Antimicrobial Stewardship and worst in Global Impact. Findings and recommendations summarized in this report will help to strengthen veterinary education at KazNARU via ensuring adequate coverage of topics related to AMR and prudent antimicrobial use (AMU) and will therefore decrease the risk of resistance development in the food and agriculture sector in Kazakhstan.
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Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated. -
Book (stand-alone)FAO strategy / plan / policy / roadmapThe FAO Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2021–2025
Supporting innovation and resilience in food and agriculture sectors
2021Due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), drug-resistant infections are placing an ever-increasing burden on human, animal, plant, and environmental health. Drug-resistant infections have the potential to become leading causes of death. AMR may force tens of millions more people into extreme poverty, hunger, and malnutrition, and the associated economic losses are projected at several percent of gross domestic product. However, we can prevent this from happening – if we act quickly. This document outlines the FAO Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2021–2025 which serves as a roadmap for focusing global efforts to address AMR in the food and agriculture sectors. The aim of this plan is to help accelerate progress in developing and implementing multi-sectoral National Action Plans to tackle AMR by calling attention to strategic priorities and areas of expertise for FAO support. The action plan was developed by a multidisciplinary FAO team to ensure that all relevant dimensions – including terrestrial and aquatic animal health and production, crop production, food and feed safety, genetic resources, natural resource management, risk communication, and behavior change - are considered, with attention to regulatory frameworks, standards, norm-setting and bottom-up processes of collective action. By working together, food systems, livelihoods, and economies will be better protected from the destabilizing forces of untreatable illness. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food and Agriculture 2019
Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction
2019The need to reduce food loss and waste is firmly embedded in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Food loss and waste reduction is considered important for improving food security and nutrition, promoting environmental sustainability and lowering production costs. However, efforts to reduce food loss and waste will only be effective if informed by a solid understanding of the problem. This report provides new estimates of the percentage of the world’s food lost from production up to the retail level. The report also finds a vast diversity in existing estimates of losses, even for the same commodities and for the same stages in the supply chain. Clearly identifying and understanding critical loss points in specific supply chains – where considerable potential exists for reducing food losses – is crucial to deciding on appropriate measures. The report provides some guiding principles for interventions based on the objectives being pursued through food loss and waste reductions, be they in improved economic efficiency, food security and nutrition, or environmental sustainability.