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NOTE D’INTRODUCTION SUR LES JARDINS SCOLAIRES









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    Une nouvelle donne pour les jardins scolaires 2010
    Nouveaux besoins, nouveaux roles Les Gouvernements et les partenaires du développement international sont de plus en plus intéressés aux jardins scolaires. Les jardins scolaires ont jusqu’ici traditionnellement été utilisés pour étudier les sciences agricoles, à des fi ns de formation agricole ou encore pour procurer des revenus à l’école. De nos jours, étant donné l’urgence d’accroître la sécurité alimentaire, de protéger l’environnement, de sécuriser les moyens d’existence et d’amé liorer la nutrition, l’approche du potentiel des jardins scolaires est en pleine évolution. Les aspects qui prennent de l’importance sont la promotion d’un bon régime alimentaire, le développement de capacités pratiques relatives aux moyens d’existence et la sensibilisation à l’environnement. On croit que les jardins scolaires peuvent fonctionner comme assise pour l’amélioration de la santé et de la sécurité d’une nation, cette idée est de plus en plus corroborée par l’expérience et la recherche. Les questions que l’on se pose sont les suivantes: qu’est-ce qui peut être réalisé et comment mener à bien cette tâche?
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    Cadre de la FAO pour l’alimentation et la nutrition scolaires 2020
    Le Cadre de la FAO pour l’alimentation et la nutrition scolaires vise à aider les gouvernements et les institutions à élaborer, transformer ou renforcer les politiques, programmes et autres initiatives scolaires ou axés sur l’école, de manière à créer des synergies qui permettront d’améliorer les régimes alimentaires, la nutrition des enfants et des adolescents, le développement socioéconomique des populations locales et les systèmes alimentaires locaux. Le Cadre fait directement écho à l’appel international lancé en vue d’améliorer la nutrition tout au long du cycle de vie et de transformer les systèmes alimentaires en faveur d’une meilleure alimentation, dans le cadre des objectifs de développement durable, de la deuxième Conférence internationale sur la nutrition et de la Décennie d’action des Nations Unies pour la nutrition (2016-2025). Le Cadre repose sur une méthode globale qui exploite les interventions complémentaires et les possibilités de programmes les plus efficaces afin de tirer des avantages du lien étroit qui réunit l’alimentation, la nutrition et l’éducation, avec l’école comme centre du développement.
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    Créer et diriger un jardin scolaire - Boîte à outils éducative
    Édition révisée 2016
    2016
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    Les jardins scolaires peuvent aider à fournir des repas scolaires bons pour la santé et des revenus pour financer l’école, mais ce sont avant tout des plateformes pour l’apprentissage, pour apprendre comment cultiver des aliments pour bénéficier d’un régime alimentaire sain, améliorer le sol, protéger l’environnement, vendre les aliments pour en tirer des bénéfices, apprécier les aliments du jardin et en plus les recommander à d’autres. Cette Boîte à outils éducative représente la contribution d e la FAO, et à été révisée en 2016.

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    The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
    Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
    2021
    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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    Emissions due to agriculture
    Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
    2021
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    The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.
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    FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022
    The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.