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Book (series)Manual / guide活禽市场生物安全指南 2016
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该指南为提高活禽市场的生物安全提供了解决方案，特别关注将产生重大影响的地区。 该指南通过个案分析，强调如何提升活禽市场的生物安全，以降低疾病从家禽到家禽，以 及从家禽到人类的传播风险。 活禽市场被认为是禽流感病毒从活禽传播到人（商贩和顾客）的人畜共生传染源。尽管 在许多情况下，禽流感病毒会通过直接或间接接触传染，但其确切的传播路径尚属未知。 1997年以来，在市场里由家禽传播到人类的禽流感病毒被首次确认为甲型流感病毒 （H5N1）。一系列新出现的甲型流感病毒亚型使情况变得更加复杂，包括2013年3月被 首次确认的病毒H7N9亚型。从2013年3月开始，截止2014年4月，H7N9亚型已造成中国 470多起人类感染病例，对邻国和贸易伙伴造成威胁。 需要在活禽市场采取措施，以降低家禽和人感染此类病毒的可能性。 如果任何人因为在市场中工作或去过活禽市场而感染来源于禽类的流感病毒，并患上 重病，这意味着控制和预防体系的失败。 因此，无论是何种市场类型，最重要的目标是，最大限度地降低在市场上销售的家 禽和市场环境对市场内商户和顾客造成的健康威胁。这一目标已在一些地方得以成功实 现，诸如香港特别行 政区和上海，这些地区采取了一系列措施（见下文），并且不惜一 切代价地落实和执行，防止人禽共患禽流感造成生命损失。 事实上，针对许多其他地区，尤其是对具有悠久的活禽交易历史，具有成熟活禽交易 市场和做法，资源却贫乏的城市和国家，最佳办法就是降低感染风险。在许多进行家禽 交易的现有市场或地区，配套设施多难以清洗和消毒。 世界卫生组织指出，在许多情况下，“市场产生资源的水平非常低，因而基本没有资 金用于维护和改善。所以，当务之急是识别真正造成公共健康风险并且需要立即引起关 注的问题，而不是那些能很好地解决但并不造成显著公众健康风险的问题，这一点极为 重要。” 1 在制定干预措施时，要格外注意可调配资源有限。这也意味着，要藉由制定出一套涵 盖不同类型活禽市场的单一标准来解决问题是不可行的。市场是多种多样的：从当地社 区或地区一级的市场实行间歇性营业，可能每天只卖10到50只活禽，到大型批发市场每 日家禽流通量数以万计，再到有多个摊位的大型零售市场，每天出售、屠宰、宰杀数百 只不同种类的家禽，存放家禽过夜，并且没有清空市场内家禽的休市日。 本指南提供的信息包含如何减少人畜共患禽流感病毒传入市场及 其传播和进一步扩散 到其他市场或地区，包括餐馆和住户的风险。 另有其他指南专门针对市场的卫生清洁，可作为额外信息以供参考（见参考文献）。 -
Book (stand-alone)Manual / guide绵羊养殖农民田间学校辅导员指导手册
可持续绵羊生产和食品营养价值链的发展与应用
2023Also available in:
为实施阿塞拜疆的常见问题项目UTF/AZE/009/AZE——可持续绵羊生产和食品营养价值链的发展与应用，我们编写了《绵羊养殖农民田间学校辅导员指导手册》。在阿塞拜疆，小反刍动物生产在畜牧业发展中发挥了重要作用，为农村家庭提供了收入，并为许多家庭的生计带来巨大贡献。 -
MeetingMeeting document疯牛病是全国性和跨界食品安全紧急情况 20021986年首次查明一种新的牛病，牛海绵状脑病（BSE）。这属于一种称为可传染性海绵状脑病(TSE)。尽管最初认为BSE的感染病原不能感染人类，但目前已有证据表明BSE和人类可传染海绵状脑病TSE变体，人克雅病（vCJD）是同一种病原。这些病总是致命的。
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookThe future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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No results found.What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookRussian Federation: Meat sector review
Country highlights prepared under the FAO/EBRD Cooperation
2014Also available in:
World food demand has seen massive changes, including a shift from staple foods to animal proteins and vegetable oils. In the short to medium term, this trend in global food demand will continue. There will be an increased demand for vegetable oils, meat, sugar, dairy products and livestock feed made from coarse grains and oilseed meals. There are numerous mid-term forecasts for the Russian Federation’s meat sector. Most of them agree on the following trends: (i) the consumption of poultry and p ork meat will increase; (ii) the consumption of beef will decrease or stabilize; and (iii) the Russian Federation will remain a net importer of meat on the world market. According to OECD and FAO projections, meat imports from the Russian Federation will decrease from 3 to 1.3 million tonnes, owing to an anticipated growth in domestic chicken meat and pork production. The country’s share in global meat imports is anticipated to decrease from 12 percent in 2006–2010, to 4 percent in 2021. While t he Russian Federation will continue to play an important role in the international meat market, it will fall from its position as the largest meat importing country in 2006–2010 to the fourth largest global meat importer by 2021, behind Japan, sub-Saharan African countries, and Saudi Arabia. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.