الفصل 1

1 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2017. حالة‬ الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2017. بناء القدرة على الصمود لتحقيق السلام والأمن الغذائي. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i7695ar.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

2 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2018. حالة‬ الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2018. بناء القدرة على الصمود في وجه تغيّر المناخ من أجل الأمن الغذائي والتغذية. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i9553ar.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

3 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2019. حالة‬ الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم :2019‬الاحتراز من حالات التباطؤ والانكماش الاقتصادي. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/CA5162AR.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

4 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2020. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2020. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل أنماط غذائية صحيّة ميسورة الكلفة. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9692ar.

5 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2021. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم لعام 2021. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل تحقيق الأمن الغذائي وتحسين التغذية وتوفير أنماط غذائية صحية ميسورة الكلفة للجميع. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474ar.

6 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2023. التوسع الحضري وتحويل النُظم الزراعية والأنماط الغذائية الصحية عبر التسلسل الريفي الحضري المتصل. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc3017ar.

7 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2022. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2022. إعادة توجيه السياسات الغذائية والزراعية لزيادة القدرة على تحمل كلفة الأنماط الغذائية الصحيّة.روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0639ar

الفصل 2

مراجـع متوفرة باللغـة العر بيـة:

(مترتـبة حسـب ورودهـا فـي النـص)

5 صندوق النقد الدولي. 2024. آفاق الاقتصاد العالمي. تعافٍ مطرد لكنه بطيء: القدرة على الصمود في ظلّ التباعد. واشنطن، العاصمة. https://www.imf.org/ar/Publications/WEO/Issues/2024/04/16/world-economic-outlook-april-2024.

8 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2020. الآثار الجنسانية المترتبة عن جائحة كوفيد- 19 واستجابات السياسات العادلة في مجالات الزراعة والأمن الغذائي والتغذية. روما. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9198ar.

11 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2018. حالة‬ الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2018. بناء القدرة على الصمود في وجه تغيّر المناخ من أجل الأمن الغذائي والتغذية. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i9553ar.

12 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2020. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2020. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل أنماط غذائية صحيّة ميسورة الكلفة. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0639ar.

14 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2020. النظم الغذائية الصحية. في: منظمة الصحة العالمية. [ورد ذكره في 29 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://www.who.int/ar/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/healthy-diet.

16 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. استخدام المحلّيات غير السكريّة: المبادئ التوجيهيّة الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالميّة. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/375566.

17 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. إجمالي مدخول الدهون للوقاية من زيادة الوزن غير الصحية لدى الباغين والأطفال: المبادئ التوجيهيّة الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالميّة. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376250.

18 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. مدخول الأحماض الدهنية المشبّعة والأحماض الدهنيّة المتحولة لدى البالغين والأطفال: المبادئ التوجيهيّة الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالميّة. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376249

19 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. مدخول الكربوهيدرات للبالغين والأطفال: المبادئ التوجيهيّة الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالميّة. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376248.

24 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2023. تتبع التقدم المحرز في مؤشرات أهداف التنمية المستدامة المتعلّقة بالأغذية والزراعة 2023. روما. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7088ar

29 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2022. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2022. إعادة توجيه السياسات الغذائية والزراعية لزيادة القدرة على تحمل كلفة الأنماط الغذائية الصحيّة.روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0639ar.

33 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2024. مؤشر المنظمة لأسعار الأغذية. في: حالة الأغذية في العالم. [ورد ذكره في 29 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/ar.

34 البنك الدولي. 2024. بنك البيانات التابع للبنك الدولي: مؤشرات التنمية العالمية. [تمّ الاطلاع على الموقع في 14 مارس / آذار 2024]. https://databank.albankaldawli.org/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators.

41 اللجنة الدائمة للأغذية التابعة للأمم المتحدة. 2024. عقد الأمم المتحدة للعمل من أجل التغذية 2016-2025. في: اللجنة الدائمة للأغذية التابعة للأمم المتحدة. [ورد ذكره في 25 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.unscn.org/en/topics/un-decade-of-action-on-nutrition.

63 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2022. التقدم في السنّ والصحة. في: منظمة الصحة العالمية. [ورد ذكره في 9 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://www.who.int/ar/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health.

المراجـع الأجنبية

(مترتـبة حسـب ورودهـا فـي النـص)

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4 IPC. 2021. Technical Manual Version 3.1. Evidence and standards for better food security and nutrition decisions. Rome. https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/manual/IPC_Technical_Manual_3_Final.pdf

6 IMF. 2019. IMF: World Economic Outlook (WEO) database, October 2019. [Accessed on 24 June 2024]. www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2019/October

7 European Union, FAO, UN-Habitat (United Nations Human Settlements Programme), OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) & World Bank. 2021. Applying the Degree of Urbanisation. A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons. 2021 edition. Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3859598/15348338/KS-02-20-499-EN-N.pdf

9 UN Women. 2020. Whose time to care? Unpaid care and domestic work during COVID-19. New York, USA. https://data.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/Whose-time-to-care-brief_0.pdf

10 Mane, E., Giaquinto, A.M., Cafiero, C., Viviani, S. & Anríquez, G. 2024. Why are women more food insecure than men? Exploring socioeconomic drivers and the role of COVID-19 in widening the global gender gap. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc9160en

13 Verger, E.O., Savy, M., Martin-Prevel, Y., Coates, J., Frongillo, E., Neufeld, L., Saha, K. et al. 2023. Healthy diet metrics: A suitability assessment of indicators for global and national monitoring purposes. Geneva, Switzerland, WHO. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240072138

15 FAO & WHO. 2019. Sustainable healthy diets: guiding principles. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/CA6640EN

20 Alvarez-Sanchez, C., Moltedo, A., Troubat, N., Manyani, T., Yassin, F., Kepple, A. & Cafiero, C. 2021. The relationship between food insecurity and dietary outcomes – An analysis conducted with nationally representative data from Kenya, Mexico, Samoa, and the Sudan. FAO Statistics Working Paper 21-25. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb6217en

21 Maitra, C. 2018. A review of studies examining the link between food insecurity and malnutrition. Rome, FAO. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca1447en

22 Global Diet Quality Project. 2024. Global Diet Quality Project. [Cited 25 April 2024]. https://www.dietquality.org

23 Women’s Dietary Diversity Project (WDDP) Study Group. 2017. Development of a dichotomous indicator for population-level assessment of dietary diversity in women of reproductive age. Current Developments in Nutrition, 1(12): cdn.117.001701. https://doi.org/10.3945/cdn.117.001701

25 Herforth, A., Bai, Y., Venkat, A., Mahrt, K., Ebel, A. & Masters, W.A. 2020. Cost and affordability of healthy diets across and within countries. Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. FAO Agricultural Development Economics Technical Study No. 9. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb2431en

26 World Bank. 2024. International Comparison Program (ICP). In: World Bank. [Cited 29 May 2024]. https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp

27 Bai, Y., Conti, V., Ebel, A., Cafiero, C., Herforth, A., Rissanen, M.O., Rosero Moncayo, J. & Masters, W.A. (forthcoming). Methods for monitoring the cost of a healthy diet based on price data from the International Comparison Program. FAO Statistics Division Working Paper. Rome, FAO.

28 Herforth, A., Venkat, A., Bai, Y., Costlow, L., Holleman, C. & Masters, W.A. 2022. Methods and options to monitor the cost and affordability of a healthy diet globally. Background paper to The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2022. FAO Agricultural Development Economics Working Paper 22-03. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc1169en

30 Jolliffe, D. & Prydz, E.B. 2021. Societal poverty: a relative and relevant measure. The World Bank Economic Review, 35(1): 180–206. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhz018

31 Bai, Y., Herforth, A., Cafiero, C., Conti, V., Rissanen, M.O., Masters, W.A. & Rosero Moncayo, J. (forthcoming). Methods for monitoring the affordability of a healthy diet. FAO Statistics Division Working Paper. Rome, FAO.

32 Gerszon Mahler, D., Yonzan, N., Hill, R., Lakner, C., Wu, H. & Yoshida, N. 2022. Pandemic, prices, and poverty. In: World Bank Blogs. [Cited 29 May 2024]. https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/pandemic-prices-and-poverty

35 IMF. 2022. Macroeconomic developments and prospects in low-income countries - 2022. Policy Papers, 2022(054). https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400227813.007.A001

36 Scaling Up Nutrition. 2015. Linking nutrition and the SDGs. In: Scaling Up Nutrition. [Cited 30 April 2024]. https://scalingupnutrition.org/resources/nutrition-info/nutrition-action/linking-nutrition-and-sdgs

37 WHO. 2024. SDG Target 2.2 Malnutrition. In: WHO The Global Health Observatory. [Cited 25 April 2024]. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/sdg-target-2_2-malnutrition

38 WHO & UNICEF. 2019. The extension of the 2025 maternal, infant and young child nutrition targets to 2030. WHO/UNICEF discussion paper. Geneva, Switzerland and New York, USA. https://data.unicef.org/resources/who-unicef-discussion-paper-nutrition-targets

39 ECOSOC (United Nations Economic and Social Council). 2020. Report of the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goal Indicators. https://tcg.uis.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2020/10/TCG-7-REF-1.pdf

40 WHO. 2013. Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013-2020. Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241506236

42 Herman, D.R., Taylor Baer, M., Adams, E., Cunningham-Sabo, L., Duran, N., Johnson, D.B. & Yakes, E. 2014. Life course perspective: Evidence for the role of nutrition. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 18(2): 450–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-013-1280-3

43 Stevens, G.A., Beal, T., Mbuya, M.N.N., Luo, H., Neufeld, L.M., Addo, O.Y., Adu-Afarwuah, S. et al. 2022. Micronutrient deficiencies among preschool-aged children and women of reproductive age worldwide: a pooled analysis of individual-level data from population-representative surveys. The Lancet Global Health, 10(11): e1590–e1599. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00367-9

44 Berger, S.G., de Pee, S., Bloem, M.W., Halati, S. & Semba, R.D. 2007. Malnutrition and morbidity are higher in children who are missed by periodic vitamin A capsule distribution for child survival in rural Indonesia. The Journal of Nutrition, 137(5): 1328–1333. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.5.1328

45 Barker, D.J. 1995. Fetal origins of coronary heart disease. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 311(6998): 171–174. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6998.171

46 Karakochuk, C.D., Whitfield, K.C., Green, T.J. & Kraemer, K., eds. 2017. The biology of the first 1,000 days. Boca Raton, USA, CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315152950

47 Perumal, N., Blakstad, M.M., Fink, G., Lambiris, M., Bliznashka, L., Danaei, G. & Sudfeld, C.R. 2021. Impact of scaling up prenatal nutrition interventions on human capital outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a modeling analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 114(5): 1708–1718. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab234

48 Lassi, Z.S., Padhani, Z.A., Rabbani, A., Rind, F., Salam, R.A., Das, J.K. & Bhutta, Z.A. 2020. Impact of dietary interventions during pregnancy on maternal, neonatal, and child outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. Nutrients, 12(2): 531. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020531

49 Martorell, R., Melgar, P., Maluccio, J.A., Stein, A.D. & Rivera, J.A. 2010. The nutrition intervention improved adult human capital and economic productivity. The Journal of Nutrition, 140(2): 411. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.114504

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57 Osendarp, S.J.M., Brown, K.H., Neufeld, L.M., Udomkesmalee, E. & Moore, S.E. 2020. The double burden of malnutrition—further perspective. The Lancet, 396(10254): 813. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31364-7

58 WHO. 2017. The double burden of malnutrition: policy brief. Geneva, Switzerland. www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-17.3

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الفصل 3

مراجع متوفرة باللغة العر بية:

(مترتبة حسب ورودها في النص)

13 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2017. حالة‬ الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2017. بناء القدرة على الصمود لتحقيق السلام والأمن الغذائي. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i7695ar.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

20 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2012. حالة الأغذية والزراعة 2012. الاستثمار في الزراعة من أجب مستقبل أفضل. روما. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i3028a.

21 - منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2023. التوسع الحضري وتحويل النُظم الزراعية والأنماط الغذائية الصحية عبر التسلسل الريفي الحضري المتصل. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc3017ar.

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30 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2021. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم لعام 2021. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل تحقيق الأمن الغذائي وتحسين التغذية وتوفير أنماط غذائية صحية ميسورة الكلفة للجميع. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474ar

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الفصل 4

مراجع متوفرة باللغة العر بية:

مراجع متوفرة باللغة العر بية:

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7 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2020. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2020. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل أنماط غذائية صحيّة ميسورة الكلفة. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9692ar.

8 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2023. التوسع الحضري وتحويل النُظم الزراعية والأنماط الغذائية الصحية عبر التسلسل الريفي الحضري المتصل. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc3017ar.

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50 Okunogbe, A., Nugent, R., Spencer, G., Powis, J., Ralston, J. & Wilding, J. 2022. Economic impacts of overweight and obesity: current and future estimates for 161 countries. BMJ Global Health, 7(9): e009773. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009773

51 Brero, M., Meyer, C.L., Jackson-Morris, A., Spencer, G., Ludwig-Borycz, E., Wu, D., Espinosa De Candido, A.F. et al. 2023. Investment case for the prevention and reduction of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Mexico. Obesity Reviews, 24(9): e13595. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13595

52 Ma, G., Meyer, C.L., Jackson-Morris, A., Chang, S., Narayan, A., Zhang, M., Wu, D. et al. 2024. The return on investment for the prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in China: a modelling study. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, 43: 100977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100977

53 Food and Land Use Coalition. 2019. Growing better: Ten critical transitions to transform food and land use. https://www.foodandlandusecoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/FOLU-GrowingBetter-GlobalReport.pdf

55 Foster, V., Rana, A. & Gorgulu, N. 2022. Understanding public spending trends for infrastructure in developing countries. Policy Research Working Paper 9903. Washington, DC, World Bank. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/727991642167519238/pdf/Understanding-Public-Spending-Trends-for-Infrastructure-in-Developing-Countries.pdf

56 World Bank. 2022. Tanzania Agriculture Public Expenditure Review 2022. Washington, DC. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099940006282220953/pdf/P1770630615f6e0e0bd4f0286e88583775.pdf

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59 Sánchez, M.V., Cicowiez, M., Pernechele, V. & Battaglia, L. (forthcoming). The opportunity cost of not optimally repurposing public expenditure in food and agriculture in sub-Saharan African countries – Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2024. FAO Agricultural Development Economics Working Paper. Rome, FAO.

60 Sánchez, M.V. & Cicowiez, M. 2022. Repurposing agriculture’s public budget to align healthy diets affordability and agricultural transformation objectives in Ethiopia – Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2022. FAO Agricultural Development Economics Working Paper 22-04. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc1174en

الفصل 5

مراجع متوفرة باللغة العر بية:

(مترتبة حسب ورودها في النص)

2 صندوق البنك الدولي لمساعدة أشد بلدان العالم فقرًا. 2024. ما هي المؤسسة الدولية للتنمية؟ في: صندوق البنك الدولي لمساعدة أشد بلدان العالم فقرًا. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://ida.albankaldawli.org/ar/what-ida-ar?_gl=1*f4lzu3*_gcl_au*MTg1NzAwNjk1MC4xNzIzNDc1NTkz

10 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2021. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم لعام 2021. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل تحقيق الأمن الغذائي وتحسين التغذية وتوفير أنماط غذائية صحية ميسورة الكلفة للجميع. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474ar

15 مجموعة البنك الدولي. 2016. تقرير عن التنمية في العالم 2016: العوائد الرقمية. واشنطن، العاصمة. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2016.

20 المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية. 2024. المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية تؤكد أن عام 2023 يحطم الرقم القياسي لدرجات الحرارة العالمية. في: المنظمة العالمية للأرصاد الجوية. [ورد ذكره في 2 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://wmo.int/ar/news/media-centre/almnzmt-alalmyt-llarsad-aljwyt-twkd-am-2023-yhtm-alrqm-alqyasy-ldrjat-alhrart-alalmyt.

51 صندوق النقد الدولي. 2024. حقوق السحب الخاصة. في: صندوق النقد الدولي. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.imf.org/ar/About/Factsheets/Sheets/2023/special-drawing-rights-sdr.

72 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2017. معالجة الأمراض غير السارية: "أفضل الخيارات" والتدخلات الأخرى المُوصى بها للوقاية من الأمراض غير السارية ومكافحتها. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/259232?locale-attribute=ar&.

73 منظمة الصحة العالمية والاتحاد البرلماني الدولي. 2022. إنقاذ الأرواح وحشد الإيرادات: دليل عمل للبرلمانيين بشأن الضرائب الصحية. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/365530.

77 مجموعة البنك الدولي. 2019. تمويل مرتفع الأداء من أجل تغطية صحية شاملة: قيادة النمو المستدام والشامل للجميع في القرن الواحد والعشرين. واشنطن، العاصمة. https://hdl.handle.net/10986/31930.

89 - الصندوق الدولي للتنمية والزراعية. 2023. الصندوق يطلق آلية تمويل مبتكرة لدعم صغار منتجي الأغذية للتكيف مع تغير المناخ شرق أفريقيا. في: الصندوق الدولي للتنمية والزراعية. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.ifad.org/ar/web/latest/-/ifad-launches-innovative-financing-mechanism-to-support-small-scale-food-producers-to-adapt-to-climate-change-in-eastern-africa-1.

96 الأمم المتحدة. 2024. التمويه الأخضر – الأساليب الخادعة وراء الإداعاءات البيئة. في: الأمم المتحدة. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.un.org/ar/climatechange/science/climate-issues/greenwashing.

107 الأمم المتحدة. 2024. الهدف 17 | تعزيز وسائل التنفيذ وتنشيط الشراكة العالمية من أجل التنمية المستدامة. في: الأمم المتحدة. [ورد ذكره في 3 يونيو/حزيران 2024]. https://sdgs.un.org/ar/goals/goal17.

123 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2023. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2023. التوسع الحضري وتحويل النُظم الزراعية والأنماط الغذائية الصحية عبر التسلسل الريفي الحضري المتصل. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc3017ar.

126 الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية. 2021. تقرير التنمية الريفية لعام 2021. تحويل النُظم الغذائية لتحقيق الازدهار في الريف. https://www.ifad.org/ar/web/knowledge/-/rural-development-report-2021-1.

128 الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية. 2016. تقرير رئيس الصندوق: بشأن قرض مقترح تقديمه إلى مملكة كمبوديا من أجل مشروع تسريع إنشاء الأسواق الشمولية لصالح أصحاب الحيازات الصغيرة. روما. https://webapps.ifad.org/members/eb/119/docs/arabic/EB-2016-119-R-23-Rev-1.pdf.

136 الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية. تاريخ غير محدد. منصة للتحويلات والاستثمارات وريادة الأعمال للمهاجرين في إفريقيا (PRIME Africa). في: الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.ifad.org/ar/prime-africa.

139 مجموعة البنك الدولي. 2023. استمرار نمو تحويلات المغتربين في عام 2023 ولكن بوتيرة أبطأ. في: مجموعة البنك الدولي. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/news/press-release/2023/12/18/remittance-flows-grow-2023-slower-pace-migration-development-brief?_gl=1*1uo5eul*_gcl_au*MTg1NzAwNjk1MC4xNzIzNDc1NTkz.

175 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2021. منظومات غذائية من أجل صحة أفضل: موجز تنفيذي. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/343374/9789240032989-ara.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y.

181 صندوق النقد الدولي. 2024. تخفيف أعباء الديون في ظل المبادرة المعنية بالبلدان الفقيرة المثقلة بالديون ("هييك"). في: صندوق النقد الدولي. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.imf.org/ar/About/Factsheets/Sheets/2023/Debt-relief-under-the-heavily-indebted-poor-countries-initiative-HIPC.

182 مجموعة البنك الدولي. 2022. فيروس كورونا المستجد: مبادرة تعليق سداد خدمة الدين. في: مجموعة البنك الدولي. [ورد ذكره في 2 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/topic/debt/brief/covid-19-debt-service-suspension-initiative?_gl=1*3bfqdh*_gcl_au*MTg1NzAwNjk1MC4xNzIzNDc1NTkz.

190 الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية. 2024. الصندوق يقيم شراكة مع مصرف Hamkorbank في أوزبكستان لتقديم القروض البالغة الصغر التي يحتاج إليها منتجو الألبان ومحاصيل البستنة. في: الصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية. [ورد ذكره في 26 أبريل/نيسان 2024]. https://www.ifad.org/ar/web/latest/-/ifad-partners-with-hamkorbank-in-uzbekistan-to-provide-needed-micro-loans-to-dairy-and-horticulture-producers

194 منظمة الصحة العالمية. 2018. الحماية من تضارب المصالح المحتمل في برامج التغذية: مسودة نهج للوقاية من حالات تضارب المصالح وإدارتها في ما يتعلّق بوضع السياسات بشأن برامج التغذية وتنفيذها على المستوى القطري. تقرير من المدير العام. جينيف، سويسرا. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/274170.

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205 مجموعة البنك الدولي. 2024. استكشاف قواعد البيانات. في: بنك البيانات. [ورد ذكره في 9 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://databank.albankaldawli.org/home.

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الملاحق

مراجـع متوفرة باللغـة العر بيـة:

(مترتـبة حسـب ورودهـا فـي النـص)

6 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2024. قاعدة البيانات الإحصائية الموضوعية في المنظمة: بيانات ميزانيات الأغذية. [تمّ الاطلاع على الموقع في 24 يوليو/تموز 2024]. https://www.fao.org/faostat/ar/#data/FBS

7 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2023. حالة الأغذية في العالم. في: منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. [ورد ذكره في 11 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/ar

12 البنك الدولي. 2024. بنك البيانات التابع للبنك الدولي: مؤشرات التنمية العالمية. [تمّ الاطلاع على الموقع في 14 مارس/آذار 2024]. https://databank.albankaldawli.org/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators.

13 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2024. قاعدة البيانات الإحصائية الموضوعية في المنظمة: مؤشرات أسعار الاستهلاك. [تمّ الاطلاع على الموقع في 11 يونيو/حزيران 2024]. https://www.fao.org/faostat/ar/#data/CP. رقم الترخيص: CC-BY-4.0.

33 مجموعة البنك الدولي. 2022. صحيفو وقائع: تعديل خطوط الفقر العالمي. في: مجموعة البنك الدولي. [ورد ذكره في 10 مايو/أيار 2024]. https://www.worldbank.org/ar/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines.

35 فريق الخبراء الرفيع المستوى المعني بالأمن الغذائي والتغذية.2017. التغذية والنظم الغذائيّة. تقرير صادر عن فريق الخبراء الرفيع المستوى المعني بالأمن الغذائي والتغذية التابع، للجنة الأمن الغذائي العالمي، روما. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i7846ar

36 فريق الخبراء الرفيع المستوى المعني بالأمن الغذائي والتغذية.2020. الأمن الغذائي والتغذية: بناء سردية عالمية نحو عام 2030. تقرير من تأليف فريق الخبراء الرفيع المستوى المعني بالأمن الغذائي والتغذية للجنة الأمن الغذائي العالمي، روما. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/ca9731ar.

38 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. 2013. الإطار الاستراتيجي المراجع. مؤتمر منظمة الأغذية والزراعة – الدورة الثامنة والثلاثون، روما، 15-22 يونيو/حزيران 2013. روما. https://www.fao.org/4/mg015a/mg015a.pdf.

39 الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة. 2016. تقرير فريق الخبراء العامل الحكومي الدولي المفتوح العضوية المعني بالمؤشرات والمصطلحات المتعلقة بالحد من مخاطر التلوث. الدورة الحادية والسبعون، البند 19 (ج) من جدول الأعمال، الوثيقة A/71/644. نيويورك، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/852089.

41 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2020. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم 2020. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل أنماط غذائية صحيّة ميسورة الكلفة. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9692ar.

42 منظمة الأغذية والزراعة والصندوق الدولي للتنمية الزراعية واليونيسف وبرنامج الأغذية العالمي ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. 2021. حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية في العالم لعام 2021. تحويل النظم الغذائية من أجل تحقيق الأمن الغذائي وتحسين التغذية وتوفير أنماط غذائية صحية ميسورة الكلفة للجميع. روما، منظمة الأغذية والزراعة. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474ar

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