Paul Starkey and Adama Faye (editors)
Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the West Africa Animal Traction Network held 7-12 July 1988, Saly, Senegal
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (ACP-EEC Lomé Convention) Ede-Wageningen, The Netherlands
Correct citation of this publication
Starkey P. H. and Faye A. (eds) 1990. Animal traction for agricultural development. Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the West Africa Animal Traction Network held 7-12 July 1988, Saly, Senegal. Published on behalf of the West Africa Animal Traction Network by the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Ede-Wageningen, The Netherlands. 479p. (E/F).
Previous publications of the West Africa Animal Traction Network include
Starkey P. H. and Ndiamé F. (eds) 1988. Animal power in farming systems. Proceedings of the Second West Africa Animal Traction Networkshop held 17-26 September 1986, in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Vieweg for German Appropriate Technology Exchange, GTZ, Eschborn, Federal Republic of Germany. 363p. (E/F).
Starkey P. H. and Apetofia K 1986. Integrated livestock systems in Nepal and Indonesia: implications for animal traction programmes in West Africa. Network Report No. 3. Farming Systems Support Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. 64p. (E).
Poats S. V., Lichte J., Oxley J., Russo S. L. and Starkey P. H. (eds) 1986. Animal traction in a farming systems perspective. Report of networkshop held Kara, Togo, 3-8 March 1985. Network Report No. 1, Farming Systems Support Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA 187p. (E).
Desktop Publishing
These proceedings were prepared to the stage of camera-ready copy by Paul Starkey
Printed by
International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Published for the West Africa Animal Traction Network by
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Ede-Wageningen, The Netherlands
LE CENTRE TECHNIQUE DE COOPERATION AGRICOLE ET RURALE (CTA)
Le Centre technique de coopération agricole et rurale (CTA) est installé depuis 1983 à Ede/Wageningen aux Pays-Bas au titre de la Convention de Lomé entre les états membres de la Communauté européenne et les états ACP (Afrique-Caraibes-Pacifique). Le CTA est à la disposition des Etats ACP pour leur permettre un meilleur accès à l'information, à la recherche, à la formation ainsi qu'aux innovations dans les secteurs du développement agricole et rural et de la vulgarisation.
TECHNICAL CENTRE FOR AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL COOPERATION (CTA)
The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) was established in 1983 at Ede-Wageningen, The Netherlands. It operates under the Lomé Convention between Member States of the European Community and the ACP (Africa, Caribbean and Pacific) States. CTA is at the disposal of the ACP states to provide them with better access to information, research, training and innovations in the field of agricultural and rural development and extension.
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Animal Traction for Agricultural Development
Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the West Africa Animal Traction Network held 7-12 July 1988, Saly, Senegal
La Traction Animale pour le Développement Agricole
Les actes du Troisième Atelier Régional du Réseau Ouest Africain sur la Traction Animale Organisé du 7 au 12 juillet 1988 à Saly au Sénégal
The workshop was organized* by:
The West Africa Animal Traction Network
Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA)
With support* from:
GTZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit)
IDRC (International Development Research Centre)
CTA (Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation)
GATE (German Appropriate Technology Exchange)
ILCA (International Livestock Centre for Africa)
ENDA (Environment and Development in the Third World)
*The opinions expressed in these proceedings do not necessarily represent the views of the publishing organization or the workshop sponsors
The Editors
Paul Starkey studied Natural Science at Oxford University, Education at Cambridge University and Tropical Agricultural Development at the University of Reading, UK. He worked in Malawi for four years and for seven years he was an ODA technical cooperation officer in Sierra Leone, where he initiated a national animal traction programme. He is now a consultant, specializing in animal traction, and also an Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Agricultural Strategy, University of Reading. His experience has been published in many journal articles and books. He has been closely involved in regional liaison activities, and has been the Technical Adviser of the West Africa Animal Traction Network since its inception in 1985. His main professional interests are the improved utilization of draft animal power and stimulating closer international liaison in this field.
Adama Faye graduated in agriculture and animal science at Cheikh Antadiop University in Dakar, Senegal. He is currently preparing his Doctoral thesis in association with CIRAD, Montpellier. Most of his professional life has been spent with the Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), and he is currently Head of the Kolda Research Station in Casamance, Senegal. He has been an active member of the West Africa Animal Traction Network Steering Committee since its inception in 1985. Since 1988 he has been the Chairman of the Network Steering Committee, and has represented the Network in discussions on the establishment of a Network Secretariat.
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
Cette version numérique du document a été scannérisé en utilisant des logiciels de reconnaissance optique de texte (OCR) et en vérifiant manuellement et attentivement le texte. Bien que la digitalisation soit de haute qualité, la FAO décline toute responsabilité pour les éventuelles différences pouvant apparaître dans ce document par rapport à la version imprimée originale.
Notes du rédacteur et remerciements
Editor's notes and acknowledgements
Summary of workshop activities
Compte-rendu des séances et activités de l'Atelier
International and resource organizations
National programmes in AfricaOrganisations internationales et de soutien
Programmes nationaux en AfriqueList of workshop participants - Liste des participants
Statutes of the West Africa animal traction network
Les statuts du réseau Ouest Africain sur la traction animale
Keynote paper and overviews: animal traction experiences in West Africa and elsewhere
Effets dynamiques la traction animale dans les systèmes de production
Overcoming constraints to animal traction through a collaborative research network
La gestion de la carrière des bovins de traits
The impact of animal traction on women
Using science to understand the biological constraints that limit work animal productivity
Profitability of animal traction: studies in Morocco, Guinea, Togo, Benin, Senegal and Ghana
Rentabilité de la traction animale dans les petites exploitations marocaines
La rentabilité du labour attelé dans la sous-préfecture de Bangouya, Guinée
Etude comparative de rentabilité de la culture manuelle et de la culture attelée au Togo
Impact socio-économique de la traction animale dans la province de l'Atacora, Bénin
Rôle de la mécanisation dans l'intensification de l'agriculture en Basse Casamance, Sénégal
Profitability of animal traction investment: the case of northeastern Ghana
Etude de deux outils attelés: réduction des contraintes de travail du sol en zone sèche
Le travail à la dent sur sol gravillonnaire au Sénégal
Local production of animal-drawn implements
The need for standardized procedures to test ox-drawn implements: experience from Zambia
Animal power production and mechanisms for linking animals to machines
Le semis direct sous mulch dans les petites exploitations du Sud-brésilien
Workload constraints: the measurement and interpretation of mechanical factors
Animal traction in Senegal: impact, constraints and experiences
Disponibilité des animaux de trait et contraintes structurelles en Basse Casamance
Animal traction in The Gambia: impact, constraints and experiences
A note on animal traction research and development activities in The Gambia
Post-cultivation constraints to increasing productivity using animal traction in The Gambia
Socio-economic constraints to the use of animal traction for rainfed rice production in The Gambia
Foaling and mortality of equines in The Gambia: a national survey
Animal traction in Sierra Leone: impact, constraints and experiences
Constraints to the extension of draft animal technology in the farming systems of Sierra Leone
Overcoming some animal health constraints to work oxen in Sierra Leone through a revolving fund
Social constraints to the adoption and expansion of work oxen in Sierra Leone
Animal traction in Togo and Côte d'Ivoire: impact, constraints and experiences
La culture attelée au Togo: données statistiques
Les contraintes de la culture attelée observées par la Société Togolaise de Coton
Usure des pièces travaillantes des équipements de culture attelée au Togo
Animal traction in Nigeria: impact, constraints and experiences
Animal traction in Nigeria: impact, constraints and current initiatives
Animal traction technology in northern Nigeria: a survey of constraints and a model of prospects
Animal power for agricultural production in Nigeria
A note on the draft animals used in northern Nigeria
Observations on animal power utilization in the farming systems of northern Nigeria
Animal traction in Mali: impact, constraints and experiences
Impact de la culture attelée dans la zone de l'Opération Haute Vallée du Niger, Mali
La traction animale dans la zone de l'Opération Haute Vallée, Mali: utilisation et contraintes
Présentation du projet Centre d'Animation Rurale Mixte (CARM), Mali
L'impact de la traction animale: cas des prêts "Premier Equipement" dans la région Mali-Sud
Animal traction in Niger: impact, constraints and experiences
Contraintes à l'utilisation de la traction animale au Niger
The development of animal traction equipment adapted to the rainfed areas in the Republic of Niger
The potential impact of the use of animal traction on millet-based cropping systems in the Sahel
Animal traction in Cameroon and Zaïre: impact, constraints and experiences
Expériences en traction bovine du projet rural Diocésain, Zaïre
Animal traction in Zambia, Kenya and Tanzania: impact, constraints and experiences
Historical and present constraints to the use of animal traction in zambia
A note on the impact of animal traction in Zambia
The impact of the oxenization programme in the North-Western province of Zambia
Reducing present constraints to the use of animal power in Kenya
Constraints to the adoption of animal traction weeding technology in the Mbeya Region of Tanzania